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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (24): 8-13.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0965

所属专题: 生物技术 玉米

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米籽粒主要品质性状的分子遗传研究进展

王丽珊1,2(), 张建国2, 于滔2(), 曹士亮2, 杨耿斌2, 李文跃2, 王成波2, 段雅娟1, 欧英卓1, 赵晴1, 刘长华1()   

  1. 1黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨 150080
    2黑龙江省农业科学院玉米研究所,哈尔滨 150086
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-12 修回日期:2022-02-05 出版日期:2022-08-25 发布日期:2022-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 于滔,刘长华
  • 作者简介:王丽珊,女,1997年出生,黑龙江人,在读硕士,从事玉米分子育种研究。通信地址:150080 哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,Tel:18846071723,E-mail: wanglishan971108@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省“百千万”专项“抗逆耐密适宜机械化玉米种质资源材料创新和易机收玉米新品种培育”(2019ZX16B03-2);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项“高配合力、多抗、优质玉米育种素材创制与新品种选育”(HNK2019CX03)

Quality Traits of Maize Kernels: A Review on Molecular Genetics

WANG Lishan1,2(), ZHANG Jianguo2, YU Tao2(), CAO Shiliang2, YANG Gengbin2, LI Wenyue2, WANG Chengbo2, DUAN Yajuan1, OU Yingzhuo1, ZHAO Qing1, LIU Changhua1()   

  1. 1College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
    2Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086
  • Received:2021-10-12 Revised:2022-02-05 Online:2022-08-25 Published:2022-08-22
  • Contact: YU Tao,LIU Changhua

摘要:

玉米是全球最主要的粮食作物之一,提高玉米籽粒品质是当今世界玉米育种领域高度关注的问题。因为传统常规育种方法具有育种时间长且转化率低等限制因素,所以解决这一问题最经济有效的方法就是利用分子标记进行辅助选择育种。为了给今后玉米品质性状的分子设计育种提供参考,本研究总结了国内外玉米籽粒品质性状的QTL定位、分子标记辅助改良和候选基因克隆及转基因技术应用的相关研究进展。指出玉米优质基因资源的利用还不够充分,现有分子标记技术在玉米育种中的应用还不够广泛,今后应改进育种方法和品质鉴定技术,以缩短玉米育种周期。

关键词: 玉米, 籽粒, 品质性状, QTL定位, 分子遗传

Abstract:

Maize is one of the most important grain crops in the world. Improving the kernel quality of maize is a highly concerned problem in the field of maize breeding worldwide. The traditional and conventional breeding methods have the limitations of long breeding time and low transformation rate, so the most economical and effective way to solve this problem is to use molecular marker assisted selection breeding. In order to provide reference for molecular design and breeding of maize quality traits in the future, this study summarized relevant research progress of QTL mapping, molecular marker assisted improvement, candidate gene cloning and transgenic technology application of maize kernel quality traits at home and abroad. Based on the review, the study points out that the utilization of high-quality gene resources in maize is not sufficient, and the application of existing molecular marker technology in maize breeding is not extensive enough. In the future, breeding methods and quality identification techniques should be improved to shorten the breeding cycle of maize.

Key words: maize, kernel, quality traits, QTL mapping, molecular genetics

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