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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 31-36.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0128

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

砒砂岩复配土对黄瓜生长特性的影响

祁伟1(), 郭月峰2(), 郭振宁2   

  1. 1内蒙古水利事业发展中心水土保持部，呼和浩特010020
    2内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院，呼和浩特 010011
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-03 修回日期:2022-08-22 出版日期:2023-02-05 发布日期:2023-01-31
  • 通讯作者: 郭月峰，女，1982年出生，内蒙古乌海人，副教授，博士，主要从事水土保持与荒漠化防治研究。E-mail：guoyuefeng0525@126.com。
  • 作者简介:

    祁伟，男，1981年出生，内蒙古赤峰人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事水土保持与荒漠化防治研究。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“生态脆弱区人工灌木林保护技术研发与示范”(2021GG0085); 鄂尔多斯科技计划项目“鄂尔多斯生态脆弱区柠条灌木林保护技术研发与示范”(2021YY社106-55); 鄂尔多斯市科技合作重大专项项目“鄂尔多斯荒漠草原植被近自然恢复与土壤保育关键技术研发与示范”(2021EEDSCXQDFZ011); 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“内蒙古地区多功能树种选育及扩繁关键技术研究与示范”(2019GG004)

Effect of Soft Sandstone Compound Soil on the Growth Characteristics of Cucumis sativus

QI Wei1(), GUO Yuefeng2(), GUO Zhenning2   

  1. 1Water and Soil Conservation Department of Inner Mongolia Water Resources Development Center, Hohhot 010020
    2College of Desert Control Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011
  • Received:2022-03-03 Revised:2022-08-22 Online:2023-02-05 Published:2023-01-31

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摘要：

以黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)为研究对象，研究不同比例的风沙土与砒砂岩复配土对其生长状况与产量的影响。将风沙土与砒砂岩按照1:0、1:1、1:3、1:5、0:1、3:1、5:1的比例复配后，取温室外试验区10 cm深度的栗钙土设置为对照土样(CK)。通过比较在不同配土比例下，黄瓜株高、冠幅、结实量等生长特性的差异，探究最适宜黄瓜生长的复配比例。结果表明：（1）在风沙土与砒砂岩复配比例为1:3时，黄瓜株高 81.50 cm、东西冠幅30.50 cm、南北冠幅29.50 cm、果实总质量1475.80 g、单瓜重147.58 g，除东西冠幅外，其他各项指标均呈现最优状态。（2）随着幼苗的生长，生长特性逐步呈现为线性增加的趋势，其中1:3的增长速度在各时期都是最快的，7月22日—9月16日株高增长量为73.25 cm、东西冠幅增长量为22.50 cm、南北冠幅增长量为23.00 cm。综上，风沙土与砒砂岩1:3的复配比例有利于黄瓜的生长，更能促进结实。

关键词: 砒砂岩, 复配土, 黄瓜, 生长特性, 株高, 冠幅

Abstract:

Cucumis sativus was studied to investigate the effect of different ratios of wind-sand soil and soft sandstone compound soil on its growth and yield. The wind-sand soil was combined with soft sandstone in the ratios of 1:0, 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 0:1, 3:1, and 5:1, and the chestnut calcium soil at a depth of 10 cm in the test area outside the greenhouse was set as the control soil sample (CK). This study investigated the most suitable compound soil ratio for cucumber growth by comparing the differences of growth characteristics of C. sativus such as plant height, crown breadth and fruit setting amount under different compound soil ratios. The results show that: (1) when the wind-sand soil is compounded with soft sandstone in the ratio of 1:3, the C. sativus plant height is 81.50 cm, the east-west crown breadth is 30.50 cm, the north-south crown breadth is 29.50 cm, the total fruit mass is 1475.80 g, and the weight of a single melon is 147.58 g; all the indexes are the optimal except the east-west crown breadth; (2) with the growth of seedlings, the growth characteristics gradually show a linear increasing trend, and C. sativus cultivated in the 1:3 ratio of compound soil has the fastest growth rate in all periods, with 73.25 cm of plant height growth, 22.50 cm of east-west crown breadth growth, and 23.00 cm of north-south crown breadth growth from July 22 to September 16. In conclusion, the 1:3 compound ratio of wind-sand soil to soft sandstone is beneficial to the growth of cucumber and can promote fruit setting.

Key words: soft sandstone, compound soil, Cucumis sativus, growth characteristics, plant height, crown breadth