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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (29): 59-67.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0902

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

西安市耕地土壤pH空间变异及主控因素分析

孙喜军1(), 吕爽1, 高莹2, 蔡苗1, 孟菁1, 李荃1   

  1. 1 西安市农业技术推广中心,西安 710061
    2 咸阳职业技术学院,咸阳 712000
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-27 修回日期:2022-12-28 出版日期:2023-10-15 发布日期:2023-10-11
  • 作者简介:

    孙喜军,男,1985年出生,甘肃庆阳人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事设施菜地土壤改良与修复方面的研究。通信地址:710061 陕西省西安市长安南路140号 西安市农业技术推广中心,Tel:029-85221626,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    西安市科技局农业技术研发项目“西安市设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化现状及防控关键技术研究”(20NYYF0044); 咸阳职业技术学院科研基金项目“4种改良剂防治设施土壤次生盐渍化效果研究”(2020KJC01); 咸阳职业技术学院2021年度博士科研基金项目“国家中心城市近郊设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化现状及防控关键技术研究——以西安市为例”(2021BK03)

Spatial Variability Characteristics of Cultivated Land Soil pH and Its Dominating Factors in Xi’an City

SUN Xijun1(), LV Shuang1, GAO Ying2, CAI Miao1, MENG Jing1, LI Quan1   

  1. 1 Xi’an Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Xi’an 710061
    2 Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000
  • Received:2022-10-27 Revised:2022-12-28 Published-:2023-10-15 Online:2023-10-11

摘要:

通过野外高密度采样,结合地统计学和GIS方法,分析了西安市耕地土壤pH空间变异规律及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)耕地土壤介于pH 5.8~8.9之间,平均值pH 7.63±0.57;变异系数为7.47%,属弱变异性。(2)进行普通克里格插值时,土壤pH用球状模型无阶趋势效应拟合最好,模型块金系数为26.30%,说明土壤pH呈中等程度的空间相关性。(3)耕地土壤pH在空间上大体呈现由南向北的递增趋势,其中酸性、中性、碱性和强碱性土壤面积占比分比为1.47%、25.16%、72.83%和0.54%,说明主要以碱性和中性土壤为主。(4)成土母质、土壤类型、土壤质地、地貌类型以及有机质、海拔等因素对土壤pH空间变异均有显著影响,其中海拔、土壤类型、成土母质对土壤pH的空间变异独立解释能力分别为21.7%、10.9%和7.7%,远高于其他因素,可以作为分析西安市耕地土壤pH空间变异的三大主控因素。研究结果可为西安市平衡施肥管理、耕地质量保护与提升乃至区域生态环境建设提供一定的参考依据。

关键词: 土壤pH, 空间变异, 影响因素, 地统计学, GIS, 西安市

Abstract:

Based on high-density sampling in the field, the spatial variability of soil pH and its influencing factors in cultivated land in Xi’an were analyzed by using the methods of geostatistics and GIS. The results showed that: (1) soil pH of cultivated land ranged from 5.8 to 8.9, with an average of pH 7.63±0.57. Meanwhile, coefficient of variation was 7.47%, which indicated a weak variability. (2) When ordinary Kriging interpolation was performed, soil pH was best fitted by the spherical model with no order trend effect, and the model nugget coefficient was 26.30%, showing a moderate spatial correlation. (3) Soil pH of cultivated land generally showed an increasing trend from south to north in the spatial distribution. The ratio of acidic soil, neutral soil, alkaline soil and highly alkaline soil were 1.47 %, 25.16%, 72.83% and 0.54%, respectively. In general, cultivated land soil in Xi’an was mainly alkaline and neutral soil. (4) The factors of soil parent material, soil type, soil texture, landform type, soil organic matter and elevation had significant impacts on spatial variability of soil pH. Altitude, soil type and soil parent material were able to independently explain 21.7%, 10.9% and 7.7% of soil pH spatial variability, and that far higher than other factors. So altitude, soil type and soil parent material could be used as the three main dominating factors for analyzing the spatial variability of soil pH in cultivated land in Xi’an. The research results could provide a reference for balanced fertilization management, cultivated land quality protection and upgrading regional ecological environment construction in Xi’an.

Key words: soil pH, spatial variability, influencing factors, geostatistics, GIS, Xi’an City