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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (20): 67-73.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0589

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤重金属有效性影响因素及其在作物和土壤系统迁移运转规律研究进展

路港滨1(), 俄胜哲1,2(), 袁金华2, 赵天鑫1, 冶赓康1, 张鹏1, 刘雅娜1, 王钰轩1   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州 730070
    2 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-08 修回日期:2022-11-08 出版日期:2023-07-15 发布日期:2023-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 俄胜哲,男,1978年出生,甘肃庆城人,副研究员,博士,主要从事植物营养与土壤生态方面的研究。通信地址:730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区农科院新村 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所, E-mail:eshengzhe@163.com
  • 作者简介:

    路港滨,男,1997年出生,陕西渭南人,在读硕士,主要从事重金属与作物运转规律方面的研究。通信地址:730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区营门村1号 甘肃农业大学,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“河西走廊小麦玉米安全生产技术标准研究”(2017YFD0801103); 甘肃省重点研发计划项目“凹凸棒有机肥及无土栽培基质研制与示范”(20YF3FG046)

Soil Heavy Metal Availability: Research Progress on Its Influencing Factors and Transfer Rules in Crop-Soil System

LU Gangbin1(), E Shengzhe1,2(), YUAN Jinhua2, ZHAO Tianxin1, YE Gengkang1, ZHANG Peng1, LIU Yana1, WANG Yuxuan1   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
    2 Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2022-07-08 Revised:2022-11-08 Online:2023-07-15 Published:2023-07-10

摘要:

土壤是植物生长发育的场所,而土壤中重金属通过植物根系被植物吸收富集到体内,影响着植物的生长。为了明确土壤重金属的影响因素以及土壤重金属在植物各部位的传递规律,通过查询大量国内外相关文献,详述了土壤中重金属的来源、作用机理、影响植物吸收重金属的主要因素等方面的研究进展。研究表明:植物对重金属的吸收除了受到土壤酸碱度、有机质等土壤理化环境的影响外,也会因污染程度、污染元素种类、耕作方式、作物基因型的不同而产生差异。此外,土壤中重金属间的加和、协同和拮抗效应也会使植物对重金属的吸收、富集产生一定程度的影响。

关键词: 农田土壤, 重金属, 影响因素, 运转规律, 富集, 迁移, 农作物

Abstract:

Soil is the place where plants grow and develop. Heavy metals in soil are absorbed by plants and enriched in plants through root system, and affect the growth of plants. To find out the influencing factors of heavy metals in soil and the transfer rules of heavy metals in different parts of plants, this paper introduced in detail the research progresses on soil heavy metals from the aspects of the sources, the mechanism of action, and the main factors affecting plants absorption of heavy metals based on related literature at home and abroad. Study show that the absorption of heavy metals by plants is affected not only by soil physical and chemical environment such as the soil pH value and organic matter content, but also by the degree of pollution, types of polluting elements, tillage methods and crop genotypes. Moreover, the additive, synergistic and antagonistic effects of heavy metals in soil also affect the absorption and enrichment of heavy metals in plants to some extent.

Key words: farmland soil, heavy metals, influencing factors, transfer rules, enrichment, migration, crop