抗生素在人工湿地中的去除机制综述

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0283

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着医疗废水和生活污水的排放，抗生素进入水体环境，通过食物链的传递富集累积到人体中，影响人类健康。人工湿地(CWs)是可替代传统污水处理技术的绿色生态系统，然而迄今为止，应用CWs去除抗生素的机制尚未清楚。为了进一步研究抗生素在不同类型CWs中的去除行为，分析了CWs中的基质、微生物和大型植物等关键组成成分，在去除不同抗生素所起到的作用；归纳了去除抗生素的内在关键机制包括土壤基质吸附、植物根系吸收和茎部转移和植物根系微生物降解；总结了影响CWs去除抗生素的因素，包括抗生素的物理化学特性、土壤基质类型、土壤生物酶的种类、pH、氧化还原条件、微生物种类与活性等。最后探讨了利用CWs生态系统提高抗生素去除效率的方法，并就未来减轻CWs中抗生素风险的研究前景进行了简要介绍，旨在为进一步开发可行性、创新性和高效性的抗生素去除技术提供相关信息。

关键词: 抗生素, 人工湿地, 土壤基质, 大型植物, 微生物群落, 去除机制, 影响因素

Abstract:

With the discharge of medical wastewater and domestic sewage, antibiotics have been frequently detected in the aquatic environment and accumulated in human body through the transmission and accumulation of food chain, posing severe threat to human health. Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been used as green alternatives to conventional wastewater treatment technologies. However, to date, the mechanism of applying CWs to remove antibiotics has not been comprehensively elucidated. In order to clarify the removal behavior of antibiotics in different types of CWs, this study investigates the role of key components, including wetland substrates, microbial organisms and macrophytes, in antibiotic removal in CWs. The key mechanisms involved in antibiotic removal are summarized, including soil substrate adsorption, plant root system uptake and stem translocation, and microbial biodegradation in root system. This study also assesses the factors affecting antibiotic removal in CWs, such as the physiochemical properties of antibiotics, the types of soil substrates, enzyme type, pH, redox conditions, microbial species and activities. In addition, an in-depth discussion about the strategies for enhancing antibiotic removal in CWs ecosystem is carried out, in order to shed a light into further exploration of feasible, innovative, and efficient solutions for antibiotic removal in CWs.

Key words: antibiotic, constructed wetland, soil substrate, macrophytes, microbial community, removal mechanism, influencing factors

陈高霖, 麦咏芯, 张冬青, 吕梦雨, 李霞. 抗生素在人工湿地中的去除机制综述[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(9): 63-70.

CHEN Gaolin, MAI Yongxin, ZHANG Dongqing, LV Mengyu, LI Xia. Antibiotic Removal Mechanism in Constructed Wetland: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(9): 63-70.

参考文献 104

[1]	李新慧, 郑权, 李静, 等. 氟喹诺酮对垂直流人工湿地性能及微生物群落的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2018, 39(10):4809-4816.
[2]	ZHANG Q, YING G, PAN C, et al. Comprehensive evaluation of antibiotics emission and fate in the river basins of china: source analysis, multimedia modeling, and linkage to bacterial resistance[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2015, 49(11):6772-6782. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00729 URL
[3]	BINH V N, DANG N, ANH N T K, et al. Antibiotics in the aquatic environment of vietnam: sources, concentrations, risk and control strategy[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 197:438-450. doi: S0045-6535(18)30070-5 pmid: 29366957
[4]	HASSOUN-KHEIR N, STABHOLZ Y, KREFT J, et al. Comparison of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes abundance in hospital and community wastewater: a systematic review[J]. Science of the total environment, 2020, 743:140804.
[5]	贾晗, 吴若菁, 黄婧, 等. 生物法处理畜禽养殖污水的研究现状与展望[J]. 水处理技术, 2008, 34(7):7-11.
[6]	DELGADO N, BERMEO L, HOYOS D A, et al. Occurrence and removal of pharmaceutical and personal care products using subsurface horizontal flow constructed wetlands[J]. Water research, 2020, 187:116448.
[7]	HIjOSA-VALSERO M, REYES-CONTRERAS C, DOMINGUEZ C, et al. Behaviour of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in constructed wetland compartments: influent, effluent, pore water, substrate and plant roots[J]. Chemosphere, 2016, 145(FEB):508-517. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.090 URL
[8]	ILYAS H, HULLEBUSCH E D V. Performance comparison of different types of constructed wetlands for the removal of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products: a review[J]. Environmental ence and pollution research, 2020, 27(13):14342-14364.
[9]	SAKURAI K S I, POMPEI C M E, TOMITA I N, et al. Hybrid constructed wetlands as post-treatment of blackwater: an assessment of the removal of antibiotics[J]. Journal of environmental management, 2021, 278:111552.
[10]	ZHONG F, HUANG S, WU J, et al. The use of microalgal biomass as a carbon source for nitrate removal in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2019, 127:263-267. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.11.029 URL
[11]	SGROI M, PELISSARI C, ROCCARO P, et al. Removal of organic carbon, nitrogen, emerging contaminants and fluorescing organic matter in different constructed wetland configurations[J]. Chemical engineering journal, 2018, 332:619-627. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2017.09.122 URL
[12]	LIU M, LI X, HE Y, et al. Aquatic toxicity of heavy metal-containing wastewater effluent treated using vertical flow constructed wetlands[J]. Science of The total environment, 2020, 727:138616.
[13]	ETTEIEB S, ZOLFAGHARI M, MAGDOULI S, et al. Performance of constructed wetland for selenium, nutrient and heavy metals removal from mine effluents[J]. Chemosphere, 2021, 281:130921.
[14]	RAMPRASAD C, PHILIP L. Contributions of various processes to the removal of surfactants and personal care products in constructed wetland[J]. Chemical engineering journal, 2018, 334:322-333. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2017.09.106 URL
[15]	PéREZ-LóPEZ M E, ARREOLA-ORTIZ A E, MALAGóN ZAMORA P. Evaluation of detergent removal in artificial wetlands (biofilters)[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2018, 122:135-142. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.07.036 URL
[16]	TANG X, YANG Y, MCBRIDE M B, et al. Removal of chlorpyrifos in recirculating vertical flow constructed wetlands with five wetland plant species[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 216:195-202. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.150 URL
[17]	GAULLIER C, BARAN N, DOUSSET S, et al. Wetland hydrodynamics and mitigation of pesticides and their metabolites at pilot-scale[J]. Ecological engineering, 2019, 136:185-192. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.06.019 URL
[18]	HE Y, ZHANG L, JIANG L, et al. Improving removal of antibiotics in constructed wetland treatment systems based on key design and operational parameters: a review[J]. Journal of hazardous materials, 2020:124386.
[19]	GARCíA J, GARCíA-GALáN M J, DAY J W, et al. A review of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs), antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment: increasing removal with wetlands and reducing environmental impacts[J]. Bioresource technology, 2020, 307:123228.
[20]	CHEN M, ZHU M, ZHU Y, et al. Collision of emerging and traditional methods for antibiotics removal: taking constructed wetlands and nanotechnology as an example[J]. Nanoimpact, 2019, 15:100175.
[21]	LIU X, GUO X, LIU Y, et al. A review on removing antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes from wastewater by constructed wetlands: performance and microbial response[J]. Environmental pollution, 2019, 254:112996.
[22]	ZHANG D, GERSBERG R M, NG W J, et al. Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic plant-based systems: a review[J]. Environmental pollution, 2014, 184:620-639. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.009 pmid: 24080393
[23]	李国婉. 人工湿地基质对磺胺甲恶唑等污染物的同步吸附效果与机制研究[D]. 广州: 华南农业大学, 2018.
[24]	KAH M, SIGMUND G, XIAO F, et al. Sorption of ionizable and ionic organic compounds to biochar, activated carbon and other carbonaceous materials[J]. Water research, 2017, 124:673-692. doi: S0043-1354(17)30643-7 pmid: 28825985
[25]	王龙, 高旭, 郭劲松, 等. Mg/Al水滑石对水中痕量邻苯二甲酸酯的吸附动力学和热力学[J]. 环境工程学报, 2011, 5(11):2537-2541.
[26]	GOLET E M, XIFRA I, SIEGRIST H, et al. Environmental exposure assessment of fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents from sewage to soil.[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2003, 37(15):3243-3249. doi: 10.1021/es0264448 URL
[27]	KLAUS K. Antibiotics in the aquatic environment-a review-part i[J]. Chemosphere, 2009, 75:435-441. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.12.006 URL
[28]	JEREMY L, CONKLE, CHARISMA L, et al. Competitive sorption and desorption behavior for three fluoroquinolone antibiotics in a wastewater treatment wetland soil[J]. Chemosphere, 2010, 80(11):1353-1359. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.06.012 pmid: 20609462
[29]	严清. 典型PhACs在城市水系统中的迁移分布规律及其在人工湿地中的去除研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2014.
[30]	TOLLS J. Sorption of veterinary pharmaceutic. als in soils: a review.[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2001, 35(17):3397-3406. doi: 10.1021/es0003021 URL
[31]	MARíA H, GUIDO F, MICHAEL P, et al. Removal of antibiotics from urban wastewater by constructed wetland optimization[J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 83(5):713-719. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.004 URL
[32]	阿丹. 人工湿地对14种常用抗生素的去除效果及影响因素研究[D]. 广州: 暨南大学, 2012.
[33]	CARRASQUILLO A J, BRULAND G L, MACKAY A A, et al. Sorption of ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline zwitterions to soils and soil minerals: influence of compound structure[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2008, 42(20):7634-7642. doi: 10.1021/es801277y URL
[34]	A D, LI L, TAI Y, et al. Behavior assessment of sulfonamides and N4-acetyl sulfonamides from wastewater effluent in subsurface constructed wetlands: removal, distribution, and biotransformation[J]. Chemical engineering journal, 2020, 396:125252.
[35]	LI Q, LONG Z, WANG H, et al. Functions of constructed wetland animals in water environment protection - a critical review[J]. Science of the total environment, 2021, 760:144038.
[36]	SANTOS F, ALMEIDA C M R D, RIBEIRO I, et al. Removal of veterinary antibiotics in constructed wetland microcosms - response of bacterial communities[J]. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2019, 169:894-901. doi: S0147-6513(18)31225-9 pmid: 30597789
[37]	LI Y, ZHU G, NG W J, et al. A review on removing pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater by constructed wetlands: design, performance and mechanism[J]. Science of the total environment, 2014, 468-469:908-932.
[38]	杜刚, 黄磊, 高旭, 等. 工湿地中微生物数量与污染物去除的关系[J]. 湿地科学, 2013, 11(1):13-20.
[39]	陈军. 生活污水中抗生素和耐药基因的人工湿地去除机制与系统优化[D]. 广州: 中国科学院大学(中国科学院广州地球化学研究所), 2017.
[40]	DU L, ZHAO Y, WANG C, et al. Removal performance of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in swine wastewater by integrated vertical-flow constructed wetlands with zeolite substrate[J]. Science of the total environment, 2020, 721:137765.
[41]	COSTA F, LAGO A, ROCHA V, et al. A review on biological processes for pharmaceuticals wastes abatement-a growing threat to modern society[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2019, 53(13):7185-7202. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06977 URL
[42]	LENG L, WEI L, XIONG Q, et al. Use of microalgae based technology for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater: a review[J]. Chemosphere, 2020, 238:124680.
[43]	SUTHERLAND D L, RALPH P J. Microalgal bioremediation of emerging contaminants - opportunities and challenges[J]. Water research, 2019, 164:114921.
[44]	SITHOLE B B, GUY R D. Models for tetracycline in aquatic environments[J]. Water, air, and soil pollution, 1987, 32(3-4):315-321. doi: 10.1007/BF00225117 URL
[45]	POULIQUEN H, LE, BRIS H. Sorption of oxolinic acid and oxytetracycline to marine sediments[J]. Chemosphere, 1996, 33(5):801-815. doi: 10.1016/0045-6535(96)00236-6 URL
[46]	HALLING-SøRENSEN B, NORS NIELSEN S, LANZKY P F, et al. Occurrence, fate and effects of pharmaceutical substances in the environment- a review[J]. Chemosphere, 1998, 36(2):357-393. doi: 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00354-8 URL
[47]	RICHTER R, KAMAL M A M, GARCíA-RIVERA M A, et al. A hydrogel-based in vitro assay for the fast prediction of antibiotic accumulation in gram-negative bacteria[J]. Materials today bio, 2020, 8:100084.
[48]	HANCOCK R E W, BELL A. Antibiotic uptake into gram-negative bacteria[J]. Eur j clin microbiol infect dis, 1988, 7(6):713-720. doi: 10.1007/BF01975036 URL
[49]	BEDARD J, WONG S, BRYAN L E. Accumulation of enoxacin by escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis[J]. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1987, 31(9):1348-1354. doi: 10.1128/AAC.31.9.1348 URL
[50]	XIAO R, ZHENG Y. Overview of microalgal extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and their applications[J]. Biotechnology advances, 2016, 34(7):1225-1244. doi: S0734-9750(16)30105-7 pmid: 27576096
[51]	YU H. Molecular insights into extracellular polymeric substances in activated sludge[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2020, 54(13):7742-7750. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00850 URL
[52]	XU Q, HAN B, WANG H, et al. Effect of extracellular polymer substances on the tetracycline removal during coagulation process[J]. Bioresource technology, 2020, 309:123316.
[53]	LIU H, HU Z, JIANG L, et al. Roles of carbon source-derived extracellular polymeric substances in solids accumulation and nutrient removal in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J]. Chemical engineering journal, 2019, 362:702-711. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.01.067 URL
[54]	LIGI T, OOPKAUP K, TRUU M, et al. Characterization of bacterial communities in soil and sediment of a created riverine wetland complex using high-throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing[J]. Ecological engineering, 2014, 72:56-66. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.09.007 URL
[55]	ADRADOS B, SáNCHEZ O, ARIAS C A, et al. Microbial communities from different types of natural wastewater treatment systems: vertical and horizontal flow constructed wetlands and biofilters[J]. Water research, 2014, 55:304-312. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.02.011 pmid: 24631879
[56]	ZHOU X, CHEN Z, LI Z, et al. Impacts of aeration and biochar addition on extracellular polymeric substances and microbial communities in constructed wetlands for low C/N wastewater treatment: implications for clogging[J]. Chemical engineering journal, 2020, 396:125349.
[57]	严佳丽, 陈湖星, 杨杨, 等. 一株高效DEHP降解菌的分离、鉴定及其降解特性[J]. 微生物学通报, 2014, 41(8):1532-1540.
[58]	WANG J, WANG S. Microbial degradation of sulfamethoxazole in the environment[J]. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2018, 102(8):3573-3582. doi: 10.1007/s00253-018-8845-4 pmid: 29516143
[59]	CHENG D L, NGO H H, GUO W S, et al. Bioprocessing for elimination antibiotics and hormones from swine wastewater[J]. Science of the total environment, 2018, 621:1664-1682 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.059 URL
[60]	韩蕊, 王冬莹, 芮洋, 等. 一株降解邻苯二甲酸酯真菌的筛选及其降解特性研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2013, 33(11):2941-2946.
[61]	刘琳, 王炜, 余健. 曝气生物滤池去除邻苯二甲酸酯的试验研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2012, 32(12):62-65.
[62]	NAVACHAROEN A, VANGNAI A S. Biodegradation of diethyl phthalate by an organic-solvent-tolerant Bacillus subtilis strain 3C3 and effect of phthalate ester coexistence[J]. International biodeterioration & biodegradation, 2011, 65(6):818-826.
[63]	WU X, WANG Y, DAI Q, et al. Isolation and characterization of four di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP)-degrading Gordonia sp. strains and cloning the 3, 4-phthalate dioxygenase gene[J]. World journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 2011, 27(11):2611-2617. doi: 10.1007/s11274-011-0734-2 URL
[64]	BOUjU H, RICKEN B, BEFFA T, et al. Isolation of bacterial strains capable of sulfamethoxazole mineralization from an acclimated membrane bioreactor[J]. Applied and environmental microbiology, 2012, 78(1):277-279. doi: 10.1128/AEM.05888-11 pmid: 22020509
[65]	LIU L, LI J, XIN Y, et al. Evaluation of wetland substrates for veterinary antibiotics pollution control in lab-scale systems[J]. Environmental pollution, 2021, 269:116152.
[66]	ROGERS H R. Sources, behaviour and fate of organic contaminants during sewage treatment and in sewage sludges[J]. Science of the total environment, 1996, 185(1):23-26.
[67]	XIONG J, KURADE M B, JEON B. Can microalgae remove pharmaceutical contaminants from water?[J]. Trends in biotechnology, 2018, 36(1):30-44. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.09.003 URL
[68]	LIU Y, LIU X, LU S, et al. Adsorption and biodegradation of sulfamethoxazole and ofloxacin on zeolite: influence of particle diameter and redox potential[J]. Chemical engineering journal, 2020, 384:123346.
[69]	CHEN J, TONG T, JIANG X, et al. Biodegradation of sulfonamides in both oxic and anoxic zones of vertical flow constructed wetland and the potential degraders[J]. Environmental pollution, 2020, 265:115040.
[70]	MENG P, PEI H, HU W, et al. How to increase microbial degradation in constructed wetlands: influencing factors and improvement measures[J]. Bioresource technology, 2014, 157:316-326. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.095 pmid: 24559743
[71]	REIS P J M, HOMEM V, ALVES A, et al. Insights on sulfamethoxazole bio-transformation by environmental proteobacteria isolates[J]. Journal of hazardous materials, 2018, 358:310-318. doi: S0304-3894(18)30523-5 pmid: 29990819
[72]	RICKEN B, KOLVENBACH B A, BERGESCH C, et al. FMNH(2)-dependent monooxygenases initiate catabolism of sulfonamides in Microbacterium sp. strain BR1 subsisting on sulfonamide antibiotics[J]. Scientific reports, 2017, 7(1):15783. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16132-8
[73]	SHAO S, HU Y, CHENG J, et al. Biodegradation mechanism of tetracycline (TEC) by strain klebsiellasp. SQY5 as revealed through products analysis and genomics[J]. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2019, 185:109676.
[74]	BILAL M, ADEEL M, RASHEED T, et al. Emerging contaminants of high concern and their enzyme-assisted biodegradation-a review[J]. Environment international, 2019, 124:336-353. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.011 URL
[75]	WANG C, ZHENG S, WANG P, et al. Effects of vegetations on the removal of contaminants in aquatic environments: a review[J]. Journal of hydrodynamics, ser. b, 2014, 26(4):497-511.
[76]	DAN A, YANG Y, DAI Y, et al. Removal and factors influencing removal of sulfonamides and trimethoprim from domestic sewage in constructed wetlands[J]. Bioresource technology, 2013, 146:363-370. doi: S0960-8524(13)01118-8 pmid: 23954243
[77]	HUANG X, YE G, YI N, et al. Effect of plant physiological characteristics on the removal of conventional and emerging pollutants from aquaculture wastewater by constructed wetlands[J]. Ecological engineering, 2019, 135:45-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.05.017 URL
[78]	MAN Y, WANG J, TAM N F, et al. Responses of rhizosphere and bulk substrate microbiome to wastewater-borne sulfonamides in constructed wetlands with different plant species[J]. Science of the total environment, 2020, 706:135955.
[79]	李琴. 会仙湿地植物根际对磺胺类抗生素降解的影响机理研究[D]. 桂林: 桂林理工大学, 2021.
[80]	程宪伟, 梁银秀, 祝惠, 等. 工湿地处理水体中抗生素的研究进展[J]. 湿地科学, 2017, 15(1):125-131.
[81]	荣婧. 水生植物对水中磺胺嘧啶和左炔诺孕酮去除机理研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2011.
[82]	HU H, ZHOU Q, LI X, et al. Phytoremediation of anaerobically digested swine wastewater contaminated by oxytetracycline via Lemna aequinoctialis : nutrient removal, growth characteristics and degradation pathways[J]. Bioresource technology, 2019, 291(C):121853.
[83]	周海东, 黄丽萍, 陈晓萌, 等. 人工生态系统对城市河流中抗生素和ARGs的去除[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(2):850-859.
[84]	ZHAO M L, ZHAO J, YUAN J, et al. Root exudates drive soil-microbe-nutrient feedbacks in response to plant growth[J]. Plant, cell & environment, 2020, 44(2):613-628.
[85]	CHUNG H S, LEE Y J, RAHMAN M, et al. Uptake of the veterinary antibiotics chlortetracycline, enrofloxacin, and sulphathiazole from soil by radish[J]. Science of the total environment, 2017,605-606:322-331.
[86]	ZHANG Y P, SALLACH J B, LAURIE H, et al. Effects of soil texture and drought stress on the uptake of antibiotics and the internalization of salmonella in lettuce following wastewater irrigation[J]. Environmental pollution, 2016, 208(Pt B):523-531. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.10.025 pmid: 26552531
[87]	黄丹, 叶茂, 朱国繁, 等. 抗生素/抗性细菌/抗性基因在土壤-植物系统中迁移转化及阻控消减的研究进展[J]. 土壤, 2020, 52(5):891-900.
[88]	KONG W D, ZHU Y G, LIANG Y C, et al. Uptake of oxytetracycline and its phytotoxicity to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).[J]. Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex:1987), 2007, 147(1):187-193. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.08.016 URL
[89]	FRANKLIN A M, WILLIAMS C F, ANDREWS D M, et al. Uptake of three antibiotics and an antiepileptic drug by wheat crops spray irrigated with wastewater treatment plant effluent[J]. Journal of environmental quality, 2016, 45(2):546. doi: 10.2134/jeq2015.05.0257 pmid: 27065402
[90]	AN J, CHEN H W, WEI S H, et al. Antibiotic contamination in animal manure, soil, and sewage sludge in Shenyang, northeast China[J]. Environmental earth sciences, 2015, 74(6):5077-5086. doi: 10.1007/s12665-015-4528-y URL
[91]	HUANG Y J, CHENG M M, LI W H. Simultaneous extraction of four classes of antibiotics in soil, manure and sewage sludge and analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with the isotope-labelled internal standard method[J]. Analytical methods, 2013, 5(15):3721-3731. doi: 10.1039/c3ay40220g URL
[92]	QIAO M, CHEN W D, SU J Q, et al. Fate of tetracyclines in swine manure of three selected swine farms in China[J]. Journal of environmental sciences, 2012, 24(6):1047-1052. doi: 10.1016/S1001-0742(11)60890-5 URL
[93]	孔维栋, 朱永官. 抗生素类兽药对植物和土壤微生物的生态毒理学效应研究进展[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2007(1):1-9.
[94]	李兆君, 姚志鹏, 张杰, 等. 兽用抗生素在土壤环境中的行为及其生态毒理效应研究进展[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2008(1):15-20.
[95]	LIU F, YING G G, TAO R, et al. Effects of six selected antibiotics on plant growth and soil microbial and enzymatic activities[J]. Environmental pollution, 2008, 157(5):1636-1642. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.12.021 URL
[96]	LIU L, LIU Y H, LIU C X, et al. Potential effect and accumulation of veterinary antibiotics in phragmites australis under hydroponic conditions[J]. Ecological engineering, 2013, 53:138-143. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.033 URL
[97]	李丽, 杨扬, 陶然, 等. 垂直流-水平潜流组合湿地对磺胺类抗生素的去除[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2014, 14(3):233-239.
[98]	廖德润, 刘超翔, 王振, 等. 兽用抗生素胁迫对空心菜的影响研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2013, 33(9):2558-2564.
[99]	郑茂佳, 张恩栋, 孙静茹, 等. 四环素类抗生素生物降解研究进展[J]. 天津农业科学, 2018, 24(6):72-76,85.
[100]	MILLER E L, NASON S L, KARTHIKEYAN K G, et al. Root uptake of pharmaceuticals and personal care product ingredients[J]. Environmental science & technology, 2016, 50(2):525-541. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01546 URL
[101]	CARVALHO P N, BASTO M C P, ALMEIDA C M R, et al. A review of plant-pharmaceutical interactions: from uptake and effects in crop plants to phytoremediation in constructed wetlands[J]. Environmental science and pollution research, 2014, 21(20):11729-11763. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-2550-3 URL
[102]	RAI P K, KIM K, LEE S S, et al. Molecular mechanisms in phytoremediation of environmental contaminants and prospects of engineered transgenic plants/microbes[J]. Science of the total environment, 2020, 705:135858.
[103]	TAI Y, TAM F Y, RUAN W, et al. Specific metabolism related to sulfonamide tolerance and uptake in wetland plants[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 227:496-504. doi: S0045-6535(19)30716-7 pmid: 31004816
[104]	ZHANG D Q, GERSBERG R M, NG W J, et al. Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic plant-based systems: a review[J]. Environmental pollution, 2014, 184:620-639. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.009 pmid: 24080393