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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (36): 154-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0006

• 三农研究 • 上一篇    

“土壤退化”和“双碳目标”下如何从植物吸收碳元素途径思考农业发展

郑肖兰1(), 鲁海菊2, 崔昌华3, 郑服丛1, 谭施北1, 习金根1, 易克贤1,4()   

  1. 1 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/院士团队创新中心/农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/海南省热带农业有害生物监测与控制重点实验室，海口 571101
    2 红河学院生物科学与农学学院农学系，云南红河 661199
    3 海南经贸职业技术学院，海口 571127
    4 中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院，海南三亚 572025
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-16 修回日期:2023-03-03 出版日期:2023-12-25 发布日期:2023-12-20
  • 通讯作者:
    易克贤，男，1964年出生，广西阳朔人，研究员，博士，研究方向：作物育种和植物保护。通信地址：571101 海南省海口市城西学院路4号 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所，Tel：0898-66969399，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    郑肖兰，女，1976年出生，广东清远人，副研究员，硕士，研究方向：植物保护和植物营养。通信地址：571101 海南省海口市城西学院路4号 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所，Tel：0898-66969238，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家麻类产业技术体系“剑麻生理与栽培岗位”(CARS16-E16); 海南省自然科学基金项目“海南省橡胶树炭疽菌抗药性监测及HNQZ1736抗药性机理研究”(2019RC279); 国家重点研发计划项目“特色经济作物化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0201100)

Think about Agricultural Development from the Pathway of Plants Absorbing Carbon Under “Soil Degradation” and “Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization”

ZHENG Xiaolan1(), LU Haiju2, CUI Changhua3, ZHENG Fucong1, TAN Shibei1, XI Jingen1, YI Kexian1,4()   

  1. 1 Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Innovation Center of Academician Team/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forest Invasive Alien Pests, Ministry of Agriculture/Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Haikou 571101
    2 Department of Agronomy, College of Biological Sciences and Agronomy, Honghe University, Honghe, Yunnan 661199
    3 Hainan College of Economics and Business, Haikou 571127
    4 Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572025
  • Received:2022-12-16 Revised:2023-03-03 Published-:2023-12-25 Online:2023-12-20

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摘要：

当前面临着两大世界级问题“土壤退化”和“双碳目标”，而这两大问题均有一个共通点——碳！那植物吸收碳元素途径有哪些呢?人类能否通过农作物及农事操作助力实现“双碳”目标?为深入了解这其中的关联性，为农业可持续发展和助力实现双碳目标，本文从上述2个问题出发，从碳元素生态系统循环切入思考。通过阅读大量文献，跟踪学术前沿，综述植物吸收碳源途径和富碳有机肥料的应用研究。结果发现植物吸收和利用碳元素代表性成果如下：（1）植物的营养物质包括有机质和矿物质。（2）完善了生态系统的碳循环途径：增加植物通过根系直接吸收利用小分子碳水化合物的途径, 即生态系统碳循环中碳可以从土壤到植物。（3）富含碳元素的肥料主要包括腐植质、有机肥、微生物有机肥、有机碳肥等。依据植物吸收碳元素途径中植物可以通过根系吸收小分子有机碳，农民可以通过农事操作增加耕地土壤中有机质，改良土壤促进农作物生长的同时助力实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标。

关键词: 碳元素, 农业, 土壤, 植物, 双碳, 可持续发展

Abstract:

At present, we are faced with two world-class problems of “soil degradation” and “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” target, both of which share a common point of carbon. What are the pathways for plants to absorb carbon? Can humans help achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” through crops and agricultural operations? To gain a deeper understanding of the interrelationships among them, and to contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture and the achievement of the “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” target, this article started from the above two issues and the perspective of the carbon element ecosystem cycle. By reading a large amount of literature, tracking academic frontiers, summarizing the pathways of plant carbon absorption and the application research of carbon rich organic fertilizers, the representative results of carbon absorption and utilization by plants were found as followed. (1) Plant nutrients included organic matter and minerals. (2) The carbon cycle pathway of the ecosystem had been improved: increasing the way for plants to directly absorb and utilize small molecule carbohydrates through their roots. That is, in the carbon cycle of the ecosystem, carbon could be transferred from soil to plants. (3) Carbon rich fertilizers mainly included humus, organic fertilizer, microbial organic fertilizer, organic carbon fertilizer, etc. According to the pathway that plants absorb carbon elements, plants could absorb small molecule carbohydrates through their roots. Farmers could increase organic matter in cultivated soil through farming operations, improve soil and promote crop growth, while helping to achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”.

Key words: carbon element, agriculture, soil, plant, carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, sustainable development