棉花组培苗高效移栽驯化技术的研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0154

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究影响棉花组培苗移栽成活率的主要因素，从而解决其直接移栽不易成活的技术难题，为棉花组培苗提供稳定高效的移栽途径。以棉花组培苗为供试材料，在不同环境、基质和根系状态的条件下探讨组培苗的成活率、根系和茎叶生长的研究。棉花组培苗在培养容器中诱导露白至生根，然后移栽到珍珠岩和蛭石以体积比1:1混合的基质中，使用1/2MS营养液，恢复时保持适当湿度，可以使苗更健壮，成活率从50%提高到100%，是一种操作简单、成活率高的棉花组培苗移栽方法。研究建立高效稳定的棉花组培苗驯化方法，成本低廉，避免嫁接，结铃率更高，可用于棉花生物技术产业化发展中。

关键词: 棉花, 组培苗, 炼苗, 成活率, 生物技术

Abstract:

This study delves into the crucial factors that influence the survival rate of cotton tissue culture seedlings during transplantation. Addressing the pervasive issue of low survival rates during direct transplantation, we aim to offer a robust and efficient transplantation approach for cotton tissue culture seedlings. Utilizing these seedlings as our primary experimental subject, we examined their survival rate, root system, and growth of stem and leaves under various environmental conditions, substrates, and root system states. The seedlings were rooted within a culture container and subsequently transplanted into a substrate comprising a 1:1 volume ratio of perlite and vermiculite, nourished with a 1/2MS nutrient solution. By maintaining optimal humidity levels during the recovery phase, we observed enhanced seedling vigor, with survival rates soaring from an initial 50% to a remarkable 100%. This method is simple to operate and has a high survival rate, establishing an efficient and stable method for the domestication of cotton tissue culture seedlings. In addition to its affordability, it eliminates the need for grafting, boasts a higher boll-setting rate, and holds promising potential for the burgeoning realm of cotton biotechnology.

Key words: cotton, tissue culture seedling, acclimatization, survival rate, biotechnology

葛玉君, 巩娜, 杨建峰, 杨敏, 刘政, 李相敢. 棉花组培苗高效移栽驯化技术的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(7): 14-19.

GE Yujun, GONG Na, YANG Jianfeng, YANG Min, LIU Zheng, LI Xianggan. Research on Efficient Transplanting and Domestication Techniques for Cotton Tissue Culture Seedlings[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(7): 14-19.

图/表 5

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处理	基质	苗高/cm	根长/cm	新叶片数	成活率/%
T1	S3	5.66c	3.66c	1.00c	50.00c
T2	S3	12.63b	7.12b	4.20b	93.00b
T3	S3	19.94a	10.14a	4.55a	100.00a

处理	基质	苗高/cm	根长/cm	新叶片数	成活率/%
T1	S3	5.66c	3.66c	1.00c	50.00c
T2	S3	12.63b	7.12b	4.20b	93.00b
T3	S3	19.94a	10.14a	4.55a	100.00a

基质	苗高/cm	根长/cm	新叶片数	成活率/%	叶色
S1	10.94c	4.88c	2.60b	80b	绿色
S2	18.78b	9.80b	4.33a	100a	黄绿色
S3	19.94a	10.14a	4.53a	100a	绿色

基质	苗高/cm	根长/cm	新叶片数	成活率/%	叶色
S1	10.94c	4.88c	2.60b	80b	绿色
S2	18.78b	9.80b	4.33a	100a	黄绿色
S3	19.94a	10.14a	4.53a	100a	绿色

根系类型	基质	苗高/cm	根长量/cm	新叶片数	成活率/%
A级(>2.0 cm)	S3	19.94a	10.14a	4.53a	100.00a
B级(0.5~2.0 cm)	S3	19.92a	9.24a	4.47a	100.00a
C级（刚露白）	S3	15.58b	5.70b	3.53b	100.00a
D+E级（无根）	S3	3.22c	1.04c	0.80c	50.00b