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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 84-91.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0417

所属专题: 水稻 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

1961—2019年湖北省一季稻气候生产潜力时空变化规律

龚琳鑫1(), 杨晓亚1,2(), 刘春伟1, 何亮3   

  1. 1 南京信息工程大学生态与应用气象学院,南京 210044
    2 南京信息工程大学分析测试中心,南京 210044
    3 国家气象中心,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-31 修回日期:2024-01-19 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-04-11
  • 通讯作者:
    杨晓亚,女,1983年出生,山东济宁人,副教授,博士,研究方向为农业气象。通信地址:210044 江苏南京浦口区宁六路219号 南京信息工程大学学科4号楼C102,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    龚琳鑫,女,1998年出生,湖北赤壁人,硕士,研究方向为农业气候资源变化。通信地址:210044 江苏南京浦口区宁六路219号 南京信息工程大学尚贤楼519,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41977410)

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Climatic Production Potential of One Season Rice in Hubei Province in Recent 59 Years

GONG Linxin1(), YANG Xiaoya1,2(), LIU Chunwei1, HE Liang3   

  1. 1 School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044
    2 Analysis and Testing Center of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044
    3 National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2023-05-31 Revised:2024-01-19 Published:2024-04-15 Online:2024-04-11

摘要:

为研究气候资源变化对湖北省一季稻气候生产潜力的影响,采用湖北省28个气象站点1961—2019年逐日地面气象资料及一季稻生育期资料,分析一季稻生育期内太阳总辐射、≥10℃有效积温和降水量的时空变化规律;并利用逐级订正法计算一季稻光合、光温及气候生产潜力并进行时空变化规律分析,定量描述辐射、温度和降水变化对作物生产潜力的影响。结果表明:1961—2019年一季稻生育期间绝大部地区太阳辐射显著下降,≥10℃有效积温为显著上升趋势;太阳辐射和有效积温在湖北省内呈北高南低分布。降水量年际变化为不显著的上升趋势,全省仅西南地区为降水高值区。一季稻光合、光温和气候生产潜力均值分别为20134.63 kg/hm2、19434.79 kg/hm2和13523.16 kg/hm2;绝大部分地区光合与光温生产潜力都呈显著下降趋势,气候生产潜力为不显著下降趋势,三者的平均气候倾向率分别为 -39.26 kg/(hm2·a)、-35.68 kg/(hm2·a)和-15.76 kg/(hm2·a)。辐射资源下降导致全省一季稻气候生产潜力下降范围为-32.87~-104.51 kg/(hm2·a),少数站点受到热量和降水资源变化的负面影响,大部分站点受到不同程度的正面影响,综合气候资源影响为负效应。研究得出湖北省一季稻气候生产潜力下降主要是由辐射下降导致。

关键词: 湖北省, 一季稻, 太阳辐射, 积温, 气候生产潜力

Abstract:

In order to study the effects of climate resource changes on climatic production potential of one season rice in Hubei Province, daily surface meteorological data and one season rice growth period data from 28 meteorological stations in Hubei Province during 1961-2019 were used to analyze the spatio-temporal variation of total solar radiation, effective accumulated temperature ≥10 °C and precipitation during the growth period of one season rice. In addition, the stepwise correction method was used to calculate the photosynthesis, light-temperature and climatic production potential of one season rice, and to analyze the spatio-temporal variation rules. The effects of radiation, temperature and precipitation on crop production potential were quantitatively described. The results showed that the solar radiation decreased significantly and the effective accumulated temperature ≥10 ℃ increased significantly during the growth period of one season rice in recent 59 years. The distribution of solar radiation and effective accumulated temperature in Hubei Province was high in the north and low in the south. The interannual variation of precipitation showed an insignificant upward trend, and only southwest of the province was the area with high precipitation value. The mean photosynthesis, light-temperature and climatic potential of rice in one season were 20134.63 kg/hm2, 19434.79 kg/hm2 and 13523.16 kg/hm2, respectively. The photosynthesis and light-temperature production potential showed a significant downward trend in most regions, while the climatic potential production showed an insignificant downward trend. The average climatic tendency rates of the three regions were -39.26 kg/(hm2·a), -35.68 kg/(hm2·a) and -15.76 kg/(hm2∙a), respectively. The decrease of radiation resources led to the decrease of climatic production potential of one season rice in the range of -32.87~-104.51 kg/(hm2·a). A few stations were negatively affected by the change of heat and precipitation resources, most of the stations were positively affected to varying degrees, and the comprehensive climate resources effect was negative. The decrease of climatic production potential of rice in Hubei Province was mainly caused by the decrease of radiation.

Key words: Hubei Province, one season rice, solar radiation, accumulated temperature, climatic production potential