欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 68-77.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0425

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

添加绿肥对中国农田土壤N2O和CH4排放的影响

李亚鹏1(), 张晨阳1, 孙楠2(), 李然2, 李建华1, 徐明岗1,2()   

  1. 1 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院/土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室，太原 030031
    2 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室/农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室，北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-02 修回日期:2023-11-08 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-04-11
  • 通讯作者:
    孙楠，女，1975年出生，内蒙古呼和浩特人，研究员，博士，主要从事土壤培肥与肥力演变方面的研究。通信地址：100081 北京市海淀区中关村南大街12号 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，Tel：010-82105062，E-mail：。
    徐明岗，男，1961年出生，陕西武功人，研究员，博士，主要从事土壤肥力演变与培肥方面的研究。通信地址：030031 山西省太原市小店区龙城大街81号 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李亚鹏，男，2000年出生，河北邯郸人，硕士在读，主要从事资源利用与植物保护方面的研究。通信地址：030031 山西省太原市小店区龙城大街81号 山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山西省重点研发计划项目“山西耕地质量演变与提升关键技术研究”(202102140601010); 山西省科技合作交流项目“健康土壤评价与保育技术研究”(202104041101002)

Effects of Adding Green Manure on N2O and CH4 Emissions from Farmland in China

LI Yapeng1(), ZHANG Chenyang1, SUN Nan2(), LI Ran2, LI Jianhua1, XU Minggang1,2()   

  1. 1 Shanxi Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources/ Institute of Ecological and Environmental Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031
    2 State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/ Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2023-06-02 Revised:2023-11-08 Published:2024-04-15 Online:2024-04-11

RichHTML

0

PDF (PC)

12

摘要：

本研究旨在探明添加绿肥对中国农田土壤温室气体（N2O和CH4）排放的影响，为绿肥科学施用、温室气体减排和作物增产提供理论依据。采用数据整合分析(Meta-analysis)方法，通过“中国知网”、“谷歌学术”和“Web of Science”等中英文数据库以“绿肥”、“农田”和“温室气体”等关键词进行检索，收集到国内外关于添加绿肥对农田土壤温室气体排放影响研究的有效数据137组，定量分析添加绿肥对中国农田土壤温室气体排放的影响及其主要影响因素。结果表明：与不添加绿肥相比，添加绿肥显著的促进N2O、CH4的排放和GWP、GHGI的提高，提升幅度分别为16.1%、45.8%和25.7%、12.9%。施用豆科和非豆科绿肥均显著增加N2O和CH4排放和GWP，施用非豆科绿肥对GHGI没有显著影响，豆科绿肥相比于非豆科绿肥能显著增加土壤N2O的排放和GWP、GHGI。不同绿肥施用措施均显著增加N2O和CH4的排放和GWP，其中绿肥配施化肥措施下N2O、CH4和GWP的提升幅度显著高于其他两种措施，但绿肥配施化肥显著降低了GHGI (-5.5%)。相比于不添加绿肥，绿肥还田量<5000 kg/hm2时对GHGI没有显著影响，绿肥还田量<5000 kg/hm2显著提升N2O和CH4的排放。在年均降雨量<600 mm时，添加绿肥对GWP没有显著影响；在年均降雨量<1200 mm时添加绿肥对GHGI无显著影响。随着年均温不断增加，对GWP的提升幅度也不断增大；在<16℃时，添加绿肥对GHGI表现为显著降低，其中<12℃降低幅度更大。N2O和CH4排放量与土壤有效氮含量显著正相关。不同土地利用类型下添加绿肥对N2O排放和GWP有显著的提升，其中旱地土壤条件下的提升幅度小于水田土壤，但在旱地土壤条件下添加绿肥显著降低了GHGI。总之，添加非豆科绿肥配施化肥(<5000 kg/hm2)还田尤其在气候温暖湿润的旱地土壤地区（年降雨<1200 mm、年均温<16℃），能有很好的减排的效果。

关键词: 绿肥, 农田, GWP, GHGI, 整合分析

Abstract:

The study aims to investigate the effects of green manure addition on greenhouse gas (N2O and CH4) emissions in farmland soil in China, and to provide theoretical basis for scientific application of green manure, greenhouse gas emission reduction and crop yield increase. The data were analyzed by meta-analysis, and the data were collected from Chinese and English databases such as “China Knowledge Network”, “Google Scholar” and “Web of Science”. We searched the Chinese and English databases with the keywords of “green manure”, “farmland” and “greenhouse gas”, and 137 sets of effective data of the effects of green manure addition on greenhouse gas emissions of farmland soil were collected at home and abroad. The impact and its main influencing factors of green manure addition on greenhouse gas emissions of farmland soil in China were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the addition of green manure significantly promoted the emission of N2O, CH4 and the increase of GWP and GHGI by 16.1%, 45.8% and 25.7%, 12.9%, respectively, compared with no application of green manure. The application of leguminous and non-leguminous green manures significantly increased N2O and CH4 emissions and GWP, and the application of non-leguminous green manures had no significant effect on GHGI, while leguminous green manures significantly increased soil N2O emissions, GWP and GHGI compared with non-leguminous green manures. The N2O and CH4 emissions and GWP were significantly increased by different green manure application measures, among which the increase of N2O, CH4 and GWP under green manure combined with chemical fertilizer was significantly higher than that under other two measures, but green manure combined with chemical fertilizer significantly reduced GHGI (-5.5%). Compared to no green manure addition, green manure returning <5000 kg/hm2 had no significant effect on GHGI, and significantly enhanced N2O and CH4 emissions. The addition of green manure had no significant effect on GWP when the mean annual rainfall was <600 mm, and had no significant effect on GHGI when the mean annual rainfall was <1200 mm. As the mean annual temperature increased, the enhancement of GWP also increased; when the mean annual temperature <16℃, the addition of green manure had a significant reduction of GHGI, with a greater reduction when <12℃; N2O and CH4 emissions were significantly correlated with the effective nitrogen content of the soil. The addition of green manure significantly increased N2O emission and GWP under different land use types, and the increase under dry soil conditions was smaller than that in paddy soil, but significantly reduced GHGI under dry soils. In conclusion, the addition of non-leguminous green manure combined with fertilizer (< 5000 kg/hm2), especially in the dry land soil area with warm and humid climate (annual rainfall <1200 mm, average annual temperature <16℃), could have a good emission reduction effect. It could be concluded that the addition of non-leguminous green manure with chemical fertilizers (<5000 kg/hm2) returned to the field can have a very good effect on yield increase and emission reduction, especially in dryland soil areas with a warm and humid climate (annual rainfall <1200 mm and mean annual temperature <16℃).

Key words: green manure, farmland, GWP, GHGI, Meta-analysis