稻米品质研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0528

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

笔者简述了国内外稻米品质的研究现状和发展趋势，总结了稻米品质形成的遗传基础、调控分子机制以及优化稻米品质的策略，揭示了淀粉、蛋白质、脂质、香气及颜色相关基因与稻米品质之间的关联，阐述了基因编辑技术、分子标记辅助技术2种提升稻米品质的具体对策。指出稻米品质研究过程中面临的稻米品质与产量不平衡、稻米品质改良技术转化与推广难、育种过程中水稻存在地区适应性、育种成本高周期长以及消费者对改良稻米的接受程度等挑战，并从多方合作和资源共享、强化基础研究和创新技术、高效筛选和评价方法、考虑多样化需求以及推动产学研结合与技术转化等方面提出应对措施，以期为优化水稻品质和培育高品质稻米品种提供理论参考。

关键词: 水稻, 稻米品质, 育种, 遗传基础, 分子机制

Abstract:

In this paper, the research status and development trend of rice quality at home and abroad were reviewed, the genetic basis of rice quality formation, regulatory molecular mechanisms and strategies for optimizing rice quality were summarized, and the correlation between rice quality and related genes such as starch, protein, lipid, aroma and color was revealed. Two specific countermeasures to improve rice quality, gene editing technology and molecular marker-assisted technology, were described. The challenges in rice quality research, such as imbalance between rice quality and yield, difficulty in transforming and popularizing rice quality improvement technology, regional adaptability of rice in breeding process, high breeding cost and long breeding cycle, and consumer acceptance of improved rice, were pointed out. Countermeasures were put forward from the aspects of multi-party cooperation and resource sharing, strengthening basic research and innovative technology, efficient screening and evaluation methods, considering diversified needs, and promoting the integration of industry-university-research and technology transformation, so as to provide theoretical guidance for optimizing rice quality and cultivating high-quality rice varieties.

Key words: rice, rice quality, breeding, genetic basis, molecular mechanism

孟嘉楠, 段海燕. 稻米品质研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(16): 1-6.

MENG Jianan, DUAN Haiyan. Research Progress on Rice Quality[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(16): 1-6.

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