欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 131-138.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0298

• 生物科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物组培中污染微生物的分离鉴定及药剂筛选

韩垚(), 杨小艳, 谢树章()   

  1. 重庆市农业科学院生物技术研究所,逆境农业研究重庆市重点实验室,重庆 401329
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-22 修回日期:2024-08-16 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-01-20
  • 通讯作者:
    谢树章,男,1983年出生,广东潮州人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事植物生物技术等研究工作。通信地址:401329 重庆市高新区白市驿镇白欣路100号重庆农科院生物所,Tel:18983691736,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    韩垚,男,1989年出生,山东淄博人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事植物生物技术等研究工作。通信地址:401329 重庆市高新区白市驿镇白欣路100号重庆农科院生物所,Tel:18996191773,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项项目“玉簪属植物的评价利用及种质创新研究”(cstc2021jxjl80005); 重庆市农业科学院市级财政科研项目“植物开放式组培技术体系研究与应用”(cqaas2023sjczsy017)

Contaminated Microorganisms in Plant Tissue Culture: Isolation and Identification and Fungicides Screening

HAN Yao(), YANG Xiaoyan, XIE Shuzhang()   

  1. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Adversity Agriculture Research / Institute of Biotechnology, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329
  • Received:2024-05-22 Revised:2024-08-16 Published:2025-01-25 Online:2025-01-20

摘要:

本研究旨在明确植物组培过程中常见污染杂菌的种类,评估抑菌剂对污染杂菌的抑菌效果,并筛选出有效的抑菌药剂。以6种组培室常见污染杂菌菌株为试材,分离纯化后通过16S rDNA或ITS序列同源性分析结合系统发育树分析进行分类鉴定。采用抑菌圈法测定评价5种抑菌剂对3种细菌的抑菌效果,采用生长速率法测定评价5种抑菌剂对3种真菌的抑菌效果。结果显示,3种污染细菌分别为副氧化微杆菌、抗辐射不动杆菌、鞘氨醇单胞菌,3种污染真菌分别为杂色曲霉、枝孢内生菌、聚多曲霉。抑菌试验结果表明0.5 g/L 1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮和0.5 g/L烯酰·锰锌对6种供试菌均有较好的抑制作用;0.5 mL/L异噻唑啉酮对抗辐射不动杆菌XJ-2、鞘氨醇单胞菌XJ-3、枝孢内生菌ZJ-2、聚多曲霉ZJ-3、杂色曲霉ZJ-1有较好抑制作用。0.05 g/L腐霉·福美双能有效抑制3种真菌生长,0.5 g/L腐霉·福美双对副氧化微杆菌XJ-1、鞘氨醇单胞菌XJ-3具有一定的抑菌作用。溴硝醇对细菌生长几乎没有抑制作用,0.5 g/L溴硝醇对真菌有一定的抑制作用。综上所述,1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮、烯酰·锰锌、异噻唑啉酮具有较强和广谱的抑菌作用,作为抑菌剂在控制植物组培污染方面有较好的应用前景。

关键词: 抑菌剂, 细菌, 真菌, 开放式组培组织培养, 组培污染, 分离鉴定, 1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮, 烯酰·锰锌, 系统发育树分析, 16S rDNA, ITS序列, 抑菌圈法

Abstract:

This research aims to identify the types of common contaminating bacteria during plant tissue culture, evaluate the antibacterial effect of bacteriostatic agents on contaminating bacteria, and screen out effective bacteriostatic agents. Taking six bacterial strains of common contaminants in tissue culture room as test materials, they were isolated and purified first, and then were classified and identified through 16S rDNA or ITS sequence homology analysis combined with phylogenetic tree analysis. The antibacterial effects of 5 antibacterial agents on 3 kinds of bacteria were evaluated by the inhibition zone method. The antibacterial effects of 5 antibacterial agents on 3 kinds of fungi were evaluated by the growth rate method. The results showed that Microbacterium paraoxydans, Acinetobacter radioresistens, and Sphingomonas yabuuchiaes were three contaminating bacteria, while Aspergillus versicolor, Cladosporium endophyticum, Aspergillus sydowii were three contaminating fungi. The bacteriostatic test results showed that 0.5 g/L 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one and 0.5 g/L enyl·mangano-zinc had good inhibitory effect on all the 6 tested bacteria; 0.5 mL/L isothiazolinone had good inhibitory effect on Acinetobacter radioresistens XJ-2, Sphingomonas yabuuchiaes XJ-3, Cladosporium endophyticum ZJ-2, Aspergillus sydowii ZJ-3, and Aspergillus versicolor ZJ-1. 0.05 g/L procymidone-thiram could effectively inhibit the growth of the three fungi, and 0.5 g/L procymidone-thiram had inhibitory effect on Microbacterium paraoxydans XJ-1 and Sphingomonas yabuuchiaes XJ-3. Bronopol had almost no inhibitory effect on bacterial growth, while 0.5 g/L bronopol had a certain inhibitory effect on fungi. To sum up, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, enoyl·manganese zinc and isothiazolinone show strong and broad-spectrum antibacterial effects, and have good application prospects as bacteriostatic agents in controlling plant tissue culture contamination.

Key words: bacteriostatic agent, bacteria, fungus, open tissue culture, tissue culture contamination, isolation and identification, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, enoyl·manganese zinc, phylogenetic tree analysis, 16S rDNA, ITS sequence, inhibition zone method