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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 107-112.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0431

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

Glarea lozoyensis P1的分离鉴定及其对小麦赤霉病抑菌降毒效果

郭皓祯1,2(), 周华众3, 邓春林3, 李艳1, 杨立军2, 龚双军2()   

  1. 1 长江大学农学院，湖北荆州 434025
    2 农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室/湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所，武汉 430064
    3 湖北省植物保护总站，武汉 430064
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-28 修回日期:2024-10-15 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-24
  • 通讯作者:
    龚双军，男，1978年出生，安徽东至人，研究员，博士，研究方向：小麦病害的综合防治。通信地址：430064 湖北武汉洪山区南湖大道18号 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所，Tel：027-87380681，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    郭皓祯，女，2000年出生，山东乳山人，研究生，研究方向：小麦病害的综合防治。通信地址：430064 湖北武汉洪山区南湖大道18号 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所，Tel：027-87380681，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“小麦赤霉病灾变机制与可持续防控技术研究”(2022YFD1400103); 湖北省重点研发计划“小麦赤霉病绿色防控及生防产品技术研发”(2022BBA0041); 国家自然科学基金“广谱抗病基因Pm12识别的无毒基因AvrPm12的克隆与鉴定”(32372507); 湖北省农业科技创新中心项目“小麦主要病害可持续防控技术创性研究与示范”(2024-620-000-001-011); 湖北省农科院领军人才计划“小麦白粉病菌与小麦互作机制研究”(HBNKYLJRC-5)

Isolation and Identification of Glarea lozoyensis P1 and Antagonistic and Detoxification Activity Against Fusarium graminearum

GUO Haozhen1,2(), ZHOU Huazhong3, DENG Chunlin3, LI Yan1, YANG Lijun2, GONG Shuangjun2()   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025
    2 Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Control of Crop Diseases, Pest and Weeds / Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064
    3 Hubei Provincial Plant Protection Station, Wuhan 430064
  • Received:2024-06-28 Revised:2024-10-15 Published:2025-04-25 Online:2025-04-24

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摘要： 本研究旨在筛选对小麦赤霉病具有拮抗能力的生物防治菌株，为赤霉病的绿色防控提供新的生防资源。采用稀释平板法，以禾谷镰刀菌为指示菌，从湖北省恩施市巴东县非农田土壤样品中分离到一株高效生防菌株。室内活性测定其发酵液对禾谷镰刀菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制效果，以及其对脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的降解率。结合形态学特征和18S rRNA基因序列分析，进行菌株鉴定，田间小区试验评价其防治效果。结果显示，该菌株发酵液10倍稀释液对禾谷镰刀菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制率分别为91.98%和100%，对DON和ZEN的降解率均为100%。形态学特征及18S rRNA分析结果将该菌株鉴定为Glarea lozoyensis(GL)，编号为GL-P1。田间小区试验结果表明，GL-P1菌株发酵原液对小麦赤霉病的田间防治效果为71.36%，与对照药剂戊唑醇的防效相当。以上研究结果表明，Glarea lozoyensis P1是一株对小麦赤霉病具有较好防治效果的生防菌株，具备进一步应用开发的潜力。

关键词: 小麦赤霉病, 禾谷镰刀菌, 拮抗菌, Glarea lozoyensis P1, 菌丝抑制, 降解毒素

Abstract:

This study aims to screen biocontrol strains against Fusarium graminearum species complex in order to provide new biocontrol resources for the sustainable management of fusarium head blight. A high-efficiency biocontrol strain was isolated from non-agricultural soil samples collected in Badong County, Enshi, Hubei Province, using the dilution plate method with Fusarium graminearum as the indicator strain. The inhibitory effects of the isolate Glarea lozoyensis fermentation broth on mycelial growth and spore germination of F. graminearum were assessed,as well as its degradation rates on deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) in vitro. The strain was identified through morphological characteristics and 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Further experiments were conducted to assess control efficacy in field plots. The results showed that a 10-fold dilution of its fermentation broth inhibited F. graminearum mycelial growth and spore germination by 91.98% and 100%, respectively, and achieved 100% degradation rates for DON and ZEN. Morphological characteristics and 18S rRNA gene analysis identified as Glarea lozoyensis (GL), designated GL-P1. Field trial results demonstrated that the fermentation broth of GL-P1 achieved a 71.36% control efficacy against Fusarium head blight, comparable to the fungicide tebuconazole. The above study indicates that Glarea lozoyensis P1 is a biocontrol isolate with promising field efficacy against Fusarium head blight, showing potential for further application and development.

Key words: fusarium head blight, Fusarium graminearum, antimicrobial, Glarea lozoyensis P1, mycelial inhibition, detoxifying mycotoxins