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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 100-106.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0505

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

酸模蚜和六斑月瓢虫种群动态及酸模蚜对天敌六斑月瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的影响

王国伟1(), 宋媛媛1, 徐峥嵘1, 顾兴波1(), 曹双莲2   

  1. 1 云南省玉溪农业职业技术学院，云南玉溪 653106
    2 云南农业大学，昆明 650201
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-12 修回日期:2024-11-06 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-24
  • 通讯作者:
    顾兴波，男，1983年出生，讲师，本科，长期从事烟草调制、烟草病虫害等教学与科研工作。通信地址：653106 玉溪农业职业技术学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    王国伟，男，1974年出生，副教授，农业推广硕士，在职研究生，长期从事园林、园艺作物栽培、园林绿化养护、园林植物等教学与科研工作。通信地址：653106 玉溪农业职业技术学院，E-mail：。

Aphis rumicis and Menochilus sexmaculata Population Dynamics and Effects of Aphis rumicis on Growth, Development and Reproduction of Menochilus sexmaculata

WANG Guowei1(), SONG Yuanyuan1, XU Zhengrong1, GU Xingbo1(), CAO Shuanglian2   

  1. 1 Yuxi Agricultural Vocation-Technical College, Yuxi, Yunnan 653106
    2 Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
  • Received:2024-08-12 Revised:2024-11-06 Published:2025-04-25 Online:2025-04-24

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摘要： 本研究旨在明确酸模蚜与六斑月瓢虫在食叶草（蛋白草）上的种群动态以及酸模蚜对优势天敌六斑月瓢虫的生长发育和繁殖的影响。试验将食叶草作为酸模蚜的寄主植物，将酸模蚜接到健康食叶草植株上进行扩繁，采用五点取样法，每6 d调查一次酸模蚜在食叶草上的种群动态。以酸模蚜为食物喂养六斑月瓢虫，记录六斑月瓢虫各虫态发育历期、存活率、成虫产卵量。结果表明：（1）酸模蚜种群密度最大值出现在7月下旬，为35.29头/株，同期在食叶草种植基地田间调查的六斑月瓢虫种群密度最大值晚于酸模蚜6 d出现，种群密度最大值为1.64头/株。（2）六斑月瓢虫实验室种群的整个发育过程中，卵期、1—4龄幼虫期、蛹期（预蛹期）各年龄阶段的存活率分别为93.3%、87.5%、96.0%、97.9%、100%、100%，从卵到完成一个世代总存活率为66.7%。从卵到蛹各阶段发育历期依次为(2.49±0.07) d、(2.75±0.07) d、(2.38±0.01) d、(2.40±0.07) d、(2.05±0.03) d、(5.62±0.10) d，产卵前期为(2.52±0.10) d。（3）净繁殖率R0=108.27>1；内禀增长率r=0.18>0；周限增长率λ=1.20>1，呈增长趋势；平均世代历期=25.95 d。上述各项指标表明，六斑月瓢虫种群数量呈增长趋势，证明食叶草也是酸模蚜的良好食物来源，可以用来扩繁六斑月瓢虫。

关键词: 食叶草, 酸模蚜, 种群动态, 六斑月瓢虫, 生长发育, 繁殖

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to clarify the population dynamics of Aphis rumicis and Menochilus sexmaculata on Rumex dapibus herba, and the effects of Aphis rumicis on the growth, development and fecundity of the dominant natural enemy, Menochilus sexmaculata. In this study, the Rumex dapibus herba was used as the host plant of A. rumicis, and the population dynamics of aphid and ladybeetle were investigated every 6 days by using the five-point sampling method. Ladybeetle was fed with aphid, and the developmental duration, survival rate and oviposition of adults were recorded. The results showed that: (1) the maximum population density of A. rumicis appeared in late July, which was 35.29 individuals/plant, and the maximum population density of M. sexmaculata in the field survey of leaf-eating grass planting base during the same period was 6 days later than that of A. rumicis, and the maximum population density was 1.60 individuals/plant. (2) During the whole development of the laboratory population, the survival rates of the egg stage, the 1-4 instar larval stage, and the pupal stage (pre-pupal stage) were 93.3%, 87.5%, 96.0%, 97.9%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, and the overall survival rate from eggs to the completion of one generation was 66.7%. The development period from egg to pupal was (2.49± 0.07) d, (2.75±0.07) d, (2.38±0.01) d, (2.40±0.07) d, (2.05±0.03) d, (5.62±0.10) d, and the pre-oviposition period was (2.52±0.10) d. (3) The net reproduction rate R0=108.27>1, the intrinsic growth rate r=0.18>0, and the weekly growth rate λ=1.20>1, showing an increasing trend. Average generational duration = 25.95 d. The above indicators showed that the population of ladybeetle was increasing, which proved that Rumex dapibus herba was also a good food source for A. rumicis, and A. rumicis could be used to rear M. sexmaculata.

Key words: leaf eating grass, Aphis rumicis, population dynamics, Menochilus sexmaculata, growth and development, reproduction