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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (16): 51-61.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0767

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

兰州百合和亚洲百合耐热性评价

李心1(), 吴若楠1,2, 张永春1, 王桢1, 陈敏敏1, 杨柳燕1()   

  1. 1 上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所，上海 201403
    2 上海师范大学生命科学学院，上海 201418
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-16 修回日期:2025-02-21 出版日期:2025-06-05 发布日期:2025-06-05
  • 通讯作者:
    杨柳燕，女，1981年出生，浙江台州人，研究员，博士，研究方向为球宿根花卉生理与品种培育。通信地址：201403 上海市奉贤区金齐路1000号 上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所，Tel：021-52231163，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李心，女，1986年出生，河南驻马店人，副研究员，博士，研究方向为球根花卉栽培生理与新品种选育。通信地址：201403 上海市奉贤区金齐路1000号 上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所，Tel：021-52231163，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    上海市科技创新行动计划“采用细胞融合系列技术培育赏食兼用百合耐热新品系”(22N11900300)

Evaluation of Heat Tolerance of Lilium davidii var. unicolor and Lilium Asiatic Hybrids

LI Xin1(), WU Ruonan1,2, ZHANG Yongchun1, WANG Zhen1, CHEN Minmin1, YANG Liuyan1()   

  1. 1 Forest & Fruit Tree Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403
    2 College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418
  • Received:2024-12-16 Revised:2025-02-21 Published:2025-06-05 Online:2025-06-05

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摘要：

高耐热亚洲百合可作为育种材料，改良兰州百合耐热性与观赏性。本研究对兰州百合和23份亚洲百合进行夏季长期自然高温胁迫，统计百合各器官热害指数，对10份耐热性不同的百合在蕾期进行42℃短时胁迫18 h，测定叶片与花蕾生理指标变化，综合评价其耐热性。长期自然热胁迫下，由各器官热害指数经隶属函数、聚类分析法分析，筛选出高耐热种质9份，即‘私语’、‘浪漫之星’、‘小蜜月’、‘小姐妹’、‘红星’、‘心弦’、‘花饰’、‘兰蒂尼’和‘小惊喜’；中耐热种质11份，即‘小钻石’、‘秘密之吻’、‘红双喜’、‘小图标’、‘橙色可可’、‘黄色珍珠’、‘小火箭’、‘小月亮’、‘红色珍珠’、‘小幽灵’和‘达科塔’；低耐热种质4份，即兰州百合、‘小墨水’、‘粉星’和‘小舒适’。蕾期短时热胁迫下，高耐热种质叶片和花蕾中脯氨酸含量、抗氧化酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶）均表现出较大上升幅度，过氧化氢含量升高幅度较小，而相对电导率升高幅度各不相同。结合主成分、隶属函数和聚类分析结果进行的短时模拟高温耐热评价，与长期热胁迫评价结果基本一致。对比发现，长期自然高温耐热评价相对全面准确，且符合生产实际。短时模拟高温评价体现植物遭遇高温时的应激反应，可部分反映其真实耐热性。

关键词: 兰州百合, 亚洲百合, 耐热性, 热害指数, 生理指标, 主成分, 隶属函数, 聚类分析

Abstract:

Highly heat-tolerant Lilium Asiatic hybrids can be used as breeding materials to improve heat tolerance and ornamental properties of L. davidii var. unicolor. L. davidii var. unicolor and 23 Lilium Asiatic hybrids were subjected to long-term natural heat stress in summer, and the heat damage index for each organ of the lilies was calculated. 10 lilies with different levels of heat tolerance were subjected to short-term heat stress at 42℃ for 18 h during the budding stage, and changes in the physiological indicators of leaves and buds were measured to comprehensively evaluate their heat tolerance. Under long-term natural heat stress, the heat damage index of each organ was analyzed using membership function and cluster analysis to select nine highly heat-tolerant germplasm: ‘Easy Whisper’, ‘Trendy San Fransico’, ‘Sugar Love’, ‘Tiny Double Dutch’, ‘Trendy Havana’, ‘Heart Strings’, ‘Corsage’, ‘Landini’ and ‘Tiny Double You’; 11 moderately heat-tolerant germplasm: ‘Tiny Diamond’, ‘Secret Kiss’, ‘Red Twin’, ‘Tiny Icon’, ‘Orange Cocotte’, ‘Golden Matrix’, ‘Tiny Rocket’, ‘Tiny Moon’, ‘Matrix’, ‘Tiny Ghost’ and ‘Trendy Dakota’; and four lowly heat-tolerant germplasm: L. davidii var. unicolor, ‘Tiny Ink’, ‘Trendy Savannah’ and ‘Tiny Comfort’. Under short-term heat stress during the budding stage, the leaves and buds of highly heat-tolerant germplasm showed relatively large increase in proline content and antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase) activities, relatively small increase in hydrogen peroxide content, and varying extent of increase in relative electrical conductivity. The short-term simulated high-temperature heat tolerance evaluation based on the results of principal component analysis, membership function, and cluster analysis was basically consistent with the results of long-term heat stress evaluation. Comparisons indicated that the long-term natural high-temperature heat tolerance evaluation was relatively comprehensive and accurate and was in line with production practice. The short-term simulated high-temperature evaluation reflected the stress response of plant when exposed to high temperatures and partially reflected their true heat tolerance.

Key words: Lilium davidii var. unicolor, Lilium Asiatic hybrids, heat tolerance, heat damage index, physiological indexes, principal component, membership function, cluster analysis