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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (18): 33-39.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0005

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米与花生带状复合种植对两种作物生长的影响

刘海东(), 陈庆政, 蔡桂华, 林燕妃, 黄光荣, 祁俊程, 周誉阳, 秦国兵, 吴春玲()   

  1. 贺州市农业科学院/广西壮族自治区农业科学院贺州分院，广西贺州 542813
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02 修回日期:2025-04-29 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-06
  • 通讯作者:
    吴春玲，女，1980年出生，广西贺州人，高级农艺师，本科，研究方向：作物育种与高产栽培技术推广。通信地址：542813 广西贺州市八步区信都镇县前街330号 贺州市农业科学院，Tel：0774-5279285，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘海东，男，1989年出生，安徽潜山人，农艺师，硕士研究生，研究方向：作物栽培生理。通信地址：542813 广西贺州市八步区信都镇县前街330号 贺州市农业科学院，Tel：0774-5279285，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家财政部和农业农村部项目“国家花生产业技术体系贺州综合试验站”(CARS-13); 广西科技重大专项“高油高油酸高产花生新品种选育与示范”(桂科AA23062004); 广西财政厅和农业农村厅项目“广西大豆油料产业创新团队桂南综合试验站”(nycytxgxcxtd-2023-22-04); 贺州市科技项目“花生种质资源提纯复壮后创新利用”(贺科技2023010); 广西财政支持农业项目“贺州市花生种质资源圃建设”(桂农厅办发〔2025〕1号)

Effects of Strip Compound Planting of Maize and Peanut on Growth of Two Crops

LIU Haidong(), CHEN Qingzheng, CAI Guihua, LIN Yanfei, HUANG Guangrong, QI Juncheng, ZHOU Yuyang, QIN Guobing, WU Chunling()   

  1. Hezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hezhou Branch, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hezhou, Guangxi 542813
  • Received:2025-01-02 Revised:2025-04-29 Published:2025-06-25 Online:2025-07-06

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摘要：

探究玉米与花生不同行比带状复合种植对两种作物生长的影响，找到适宜的种植行比，以期为大田生产提供理论支持。以‘亚美1号’玉米品种和‘贺油16’花生品种为材料，开展玉米与花生带状复合种植试验，设置6个不同间作行比：2:4、2:6、2:8、4:4、4:6、4:8以及玉米单作、花生单作共8个处理（记为：C2P4、C2P6、C2P8、C4P4、C4P6、C4P8、CK1、CK2），采用随机区组设计，每个重复3次，共24个试验小区，在作物生育期测定叶片SPAD值、植株农艺性状、产量等相关指标。结果显示，玉米与花生复合种植相较于单作，两种作物单位面积产量均有不同程度下降，玉米和花生苗期各处理叶片SPAD值差异不显著，在玉米种植行数固定前提下，生育中后期随着花生种植行数的增加，玉米叶片SPAD值、实际产量以及花生叶片SPAD值、百果重、百仁重、出仁率、实际产量均呈上升趋势，2行玉米种植带SPAD值、穗高、穗粒数、出籽率整体高于4行玉米种植带。花生株高、第一侧枝长、收获青叶数、单仁果数、双仁果数、秕果数等指标C4P4处理最高，玉米穗粗、百粒重各处理比较差异不显著，但4行玉米种植带显著增加秃尖长。综合比较，在玉米与花生不同行比带状复合种植生产中，适宜选用C2P8即2行玉米8行花生的种植模式。

关键词: 玉米, 花生, 带状复合, 农艺性状, 产量

Abstract:

The experiment explored the effects of different row ratios of corn and peanut strip compound planting on the growth of two crops, aiming to find a suitable row ratio and provide theoretical support for field production. Taking‘Yamei 1’ corn variety and ‘Heyou 16’peanut variety as materials, the corn and peanut strip compound planting experiment was set up with six different intercropping row ratios of 2:4, 2:6, 2:8, 4:4, 4:6 and 4:8 and corn monoculture and peanut monoculture (recorded as: C2P4, C2P6, C2P8, C4P4, C4P6, C4P8, CK1, CK2). A random block design was adopted, each replicated three times, totaling 24 experimental cells. The SPAD value of leaves, plant agronomic traits, yield and other related indicators were measured during crop growth period. Compared with the monoculture, the yield per unit area of the two crops decreased to varying degrees, and the SPAD values of the leaves of the corn and peanut seedlings were not significantly different. Under the premise of the fixed number of corn planting rows, with the increase of the number of peanut planting rows in the middle and late stages of the growth period, the SPAD value of corn leaves, the actual yield and the SPAD value of peanut leaves, hundred fruit weight, hundred kernel weight, kernel rate and actual yield all showed an upward trend. The SPAD value, ear height, grain number per ear and seed rate of the 2-row corn planting belt were higher than those of the 4-row corn planting belt. The plant height, the first lateral branch length, the number of green leaves harvested, single kernel fruits, double kernel fruits, unfilled fruits and other indicators of C4P4 treatment were the highest. There was no significant difference in ear diameter and 100-grain weight of corn, but the four rows of corn planting belt significantly increased the bald tip length. Therefore, C2P8 (2 rows of corn and 8 rows of peanut) was suitable for the strip compound planting production of corn and peanut, and C4P4 (4 rows of corn and 4 rows of peanut) was the worst.

Key words: corn, peanuts, strip compound planting, agronomic traits, production