提升土壤碳固存与养分循环：覆盖作物策略的综述分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0054

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (18): 123-129.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0054

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇下一篇

提升土壤碳固存与养分循环：覆盖作物策略的综述分析

李宸屹(), 贾立国, 秦永林, 刘坤, 田欢, 石晓华()

内蒙古农业大学农学院，呼和浩特 010018

收稿日期:2025-01-16 修回日期:2025-05-21 出版日期:2025-07-06 发布日期:2025-07-06
通讯作者:
石晓华，男，1986年出生，内蒙古乌兰察布人，讲师，博士，主要从事农田健康土壤培育和生态安全研究。通信地址：010000 内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市赛罕区内蒙古农业大学东校区农学院213，Tel：0471-4301172，E-mail：nmndsxh@imau.edu.cn。
作者简介:
李宸屹，男，2000年出生，内蒙古鄂尔多斯人，硕士在读，研究方向：覆盖作物的养分回收与生态作用。通信地址：010000 内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市赛罕区内蒙古农业大学东校区农学院210，Tel：0471-4301172，E-mail：18548720812@163.com。
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目“有机肥替代化肥对马铃薯-小麦轮作体系土壤固碳和养分供应特征的影响”(NJZY22482); 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金青年基金项目“等养分有机肥替代化肥对阴山北麓地区农田土壤氮淋失特征及其生物学机理”(2023QN03050); 内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务项目“长期施肥下马铃薯农田土壤磷素形态转化的微生物调控机制及潜在环境效应”(BR230120)

Review Analysis of Cover Crop Strategy for Enhancing Soil Carbon Sequestration and Nutrient Cycle

LI Chenyi(), JIA Liguo, QIN Yonglin, LIU Kun, TIAN Huan, SHI Xiaohua()

College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018

Received:2025-01-16 Revised:2025-05-21 Published:2025-07-06 Online:2025-07-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

覆盖作物作为一种有效的农田管理措施，已被广泛认可其在防止土壤侵蚀、缓解土壤退化、提升土壤质量以及减少农药与化肥投入方面的积极作用。本文综合分析了覆盖作物对土壤侵蚀的阻控效果、对土壤碳库及温室气体排放的影响、对土壤养分和水分的调节作用，以及对病虫草害的防治效果。覆盖作物通过改善土壤物理性质降低水蚀和风蚀风险，增加土壤碳储量，减少养分流失，提高水分保持能力，并在一定程度上抑制病虫草害。覆盖作物的影响具有复杂性，其对土壤水分和养分的影响需要根据具体的作物种类和种植条件进行权衡。覆盖作物在农业可持续发展中具有一定重要性，通过总结研究进展，提出未来研究的方向。研究以期为覆盖作物种植技术的完善提供理论支撑，并为覆盖作物的选择和生态环境效益的权衡提供科学依据。

关键词: 覆盖作物, 土壤侵蚀, 土壤质量, 生态系统服务

Abstract:

Cover crops, as an effective measure of farmland management, have been widely recognized for their positive roles in preventing soil erosion, alleviating soil degradation, enhancing soil quality and reducing the input of pesticides and fertilizers. This paper comprehensively analyzed the effects of cover crops on controlling soil erosion, their impact on soil carbon pools and greenhouse gas emissions, their regulatory effects on soil nutrients and moisture, as well as their effectiveness in controlling pests, diseases and weeds. By reviewing and summarizing current research progress, this paper aimed to provide theoretical support for the improvement of cover crop planting technology and to offer scientific basis for the selection of cover crops and the trade-offs in ecological and environmental benefits. The study found that cover crops reduced the risk of water and wind erosion by improving soil physical properties, increased soil carbon storage, reduced nutrient loss, enhanced water retention capacity, and to some extent suppressed pests, diseases, and weeds. However, the impact of cover crops was complex, and their effects on soil moisture and nutrients needed to be weighed according to specific crop types and planting conditions. This paper emphasized the importance of cover crops in sustainable agricultural development and points out directions for future research.

Key words: cover crop, soil erosion, soil quality, ecosystem services

李宸屹, 贾立国, 秦永林, 刘坤, 田欢, 石晓华. 提升土壤碳固存与养分循环：覆盖作物策略的综述分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(18): 123-129.

LI Chenyi, JIA Liguo, QIN Yonglin, LIU Kun, TIAN Huan, SHI Xiaohua. Review Analysis of Cover Crop Strategy for Enhancing Soil Carbon Sequestration and Nutrient Cycle[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(18): 123-129.

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提升土壤碳固存与养分循环：覆盖作物策略的综述分析

Review Analysis of Cover Crop Strategy for Enhancing Soil Carbon Sequestration and Nutrient Cycle

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