烟草智慧育苗潮汐参数优化研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0096

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

潮汐式育苗是一种新型的节水减肥、高效的育苗技术，潮汐参数是潮汐式育苗成功与否的关键。为了明确烟草育苗潮汐水肥灌溉中适宜的潮汐参数，开展灌溉间歇频次、养分浓度和供液高度的均匀设计试验。主效应分析和综合贡献率分析均表明，灌溉间歇频次的影响最大，其次是养分浓度，供液高度的影响较小；交互效应明显大于单因子主效应，响应面模型寻优结果显示灌溉间歇频次30.50 h/次、养分浓度153.94 mg/L、供液高度3.84 cm，可稳定获得最佳壮苗；生产上接近最优壮苗目标的潮汐参数寻优表明，潮汐参数分别为灌溉间歇频次28.8~30.5 h/次、养分浓度153~154 mg/L、供液高度3.8~3.9 cm。

关键词: 烟草, 潮汐式育苗, 潮汐参数, 壮苗评估, 单因子效应分析, 贡献率, 模型寻优

Abstract:

Seedling cultivation based on ebb-and-flow irrigation mode is a new type technology with water-saving, fertilizer-reducing and efficient-improving characteristics, in which ebb-and-flow parameters play a key role. To clarify the appropriate ebb-and-flow parameters in tobacco seedling cultivation, this study conducted a uniform design experiment on irrigation interval frequency, nutrient concentration, and liquid supply height. Both main effect analysis and comprehensive contribution rate analysis showed that irrigation interval frequency had the greatest impact, followed by nutrient concentration and liquid supply height. The interaction effects were significantly greater than the single factor main effect. The ridge regression model was optimized with irrigation interval frequency of 30.50 h/time, nutrient concentration of 153.94 mg/L, and liquid supply height of 3.84 cm, which could stably obtain the best seedling. Furthermore, the ebb-and-flow parameter for optimization management plan were irrigation interval frequency of 28.8-30.5 h/time, nutrient concentration of 153-154 mg/L, and liquid supply height of 3.8-3.9 cm, respectively.

Key words: tobacco, seedling cultivation based on ebb-and-flow irrigation mode, ebb-and-flow parameters, strong seedling evaluation, single factor effect analysis, contribution rate, model optimization

高斯曼, 刘光亮, 段武丽, 杨娜, 董杏梅, 陈爱国. 烟草智慧育苗潮汐参数优化研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(23): 38-44.

GAO Siman, LIU Guangliang, DUAN Wuli, YANG Na, DONG Xingmei, CHEN Aiguo. Study on Ebb-and-flow Mode Parameters of Smart Tobacco Seedling Cultivation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(23): 38-44.

图/表 8

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处理	灌溉间歇频次(x₁)	养分浓度(x₂)	供液高度(x₃)
T₁	-1（1天2次）	0(150 mg/L)	1(5 cm)
T₂	0（1天1次）	0(150 mg/L)	0(4 cm)
T₃	1（2天1次）	0(150 mg/L)	-1(3 cm)
T₄	0（1天1次）	-1(130 mg/L)	-1(3 cm)
T₅	-1（1天2次）	-1(130 mg/L)	0(4 cm)
T₆	0（1天1次）	1(170 mg/L)	1(5 cm)
T₇	-1（1天2次）	1(170 mg/L)	-1(3 cm)
T₈	1（2天1次）	-1(130 mg/L)	1(5 cm)
T₉	1（2天1次）	1(170 mg/L)	0(4 cm)

处理	灌溉间歇频次(x₁)	养分浓度(x₂)	供液高度(x₃)
T₁	-1（1天2次）	0(150 mg/L)	1(5 cm)
T₂	0（1天1次）	0(150 mg/L)	0(4 cm)
T₃	1（2天1次）	0(150 mg/L)	-1(3 cm)
T₄	0（1天1次）	-1(130 mg/L)	-1(3 cm)
T₅	-1（1天2次）	-1(130 mg/L)	0(4 cm)
T₆	0（1天1次）	1(170 mg/L)	1(5 cm)
T₇	-1（1天2次）	1(170 mg/L)	-1(3 cm)
T₈	1（2天1次）	-1(130 mg/L)	1(5 cm)
T₉	1（2天1次）	1(170 mg/L)	0(4 cm)

处理	株高/cm	SPAD	全株鲜重/g	地上干重/g	壮苗评估值
T₁	2.533	32.817	2.069	0.125	35.607
T₂	5.767	28.250	3.671	0.225	40.264
T₃	1.867	34.767	1.051	0.075	14.950
T₄	4.867	26.033	2.708	0.200	29.371
T₅	3.467	34.633	2.093	0.154	32.178
T₆	4.667	28.517	4.164	0.400	111.409
T₇	5.567	35.000	2.903	0.160	34.061
T₈	5.533	24.000	2.162	0.123	11.522
T₉	2.167	31.083	1.710	0.110	26.957
Pearson相关系数	0.2052	-0.096	0.7729^*	0.9371^**

处理	株高/cm	SPAD	全株鲜重/g	地上干重/g	壮苗评估值
T₁	2.533	32.817	2.069	0.125	35.607
T₂	5.767	28.250	3.671	0.225	40.264
T₃	1.867	34.767	1.051	0.075	14.950
T₄	4.867	26.033	2.708	0.200	29.371
T₅	3.467	34.633	2.093	0.154	32.178
T₆	4.667	28.517	4.164	0.400	111.409
T₇	5.567	35.000	2.903	0.160	34.061
T₈	5.533	24.000	2.162	0.123	11.522
T₉	2.167	31.083	1.710	0.110	26.957
Pearson相关系数	0.2052	-0.096	0.7729^*	0.9371^**

指标	SS_变因	SS_总	贡献率/%	排序
灌溉间歇频次	0.4603	1.0000	43.03	1
养分浓度	0.3836	1.0000	38.36	2
供液高度	0.0848	1.0000	8.48	3