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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (28): 131-138.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0139

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

昆明烟区主栽烤烟品种烟叶的质量特色

徐安传1(), 姜永雷2, 徐兴阳3, 刘威4   

  1. 1 云南中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心，昆明 650231
    2 云南省烟草农业科学研究院，昆明 650051
    3 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司，昆明 650204
    4 中国烟草云南进出口有限公司, 昆明 650031
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-03 修回日期:2025-08-15 出版日期:2025-10-05 发布日期:2025-10-10
  • 作者简介:

    徐安传，男，1974年出生，云南宣威人，高级农艺师，硕士，主要从事烟叶原料研究与管理工作。通信地址：650231 云南省昆明市五华区红锦路181号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省农业重大推广项目“2260优质烟叶工程”(云政办函〔2015〕257号); 红云红河集团科技项目“烟叶香气风格评价方法研究与应用”(HYHH2011YL04)

Quality Characteristics of Main Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties in Kunming Tobacco Area

XU Anchuan1(), JIANG Yonglei2, XU Xingyang3, LIU Wei4   

  1. 1 Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming 650231
    2 Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650051
    3 Kunming Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Kunming 650204
    4 China Tobacco Yunnan Import & Export Co. Ltd., Kunming 650031
  • Received:2025-03-03 Revised:2025-08-15 Published:2025-10-05 Online:2025-10-10

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摘要：

为掌握昆明核心烟区主栽烤烟品种烟叶质量特征，以植烟生态条件相近的5个县（市）主栽品种烟叶为研究对象，从烟叶外观质量、物理特性、多酚类含量、质体色素、致香成分和感官质量等方面，系统剖析‘红花大金元’‘K326’‘云烟87’‘NC102’‘NC297’烟叶特色。研究认为，5个昆明主栽烤烟品种在烟叶外观质量、物理特性、内在化学成分和感官质量等方面特色明显。‘NC297’烟叶成熟度好，‘云烟87’烟叶颜色明显深桔黄色且叶片结构疏松。‘NC297’上部烟叶的抗张强度和抗张力明显较好，‘K326’和‘红花大金元’的烟叶填充值高。‘K326’烟叶莨菪亭含量显著较高，‘红花大金元’烟叶莨菪亭和β-大马酮的含量显著较低，‘NC102’中部烟叶的杂环类和β-大马酮含量显著较高。‘红花大金元’烟叶清甜韵突出，香气优雅；‘K326’烟叶焦香明显，浓度高；‘云烟87’烟叶清甜香明显；‘NC102’烟叶清香明显；‘NC297’烟叶焦甜香显露，香气绵延。昆明核心烟区的5个主栽烤烟品种在烟叶成熟度、叶片结构、抗张强度、填充值、莨菪亭含量、β-大马酮含量、香韵组分、感官品质等方面差异明显。本研究成果可为优化烤烟品种布局、挖掘特色优质烟叶资源，以及指导卷烟工业企业精准采购原料提供科学依据。

关键词: 昆明烟区, 主栽品种, 烟叶, 风格特色, 质量特色, 工业可用性

Abstract:

In order to master the quality characteristics of main flue-cured tobacco varieties in the core tobacco-growing areas of Kunming, the tobacco leaves of main varieties in five counties (cities) with similar ecological conditions were taken as the research objects. The characteristics of tobacco leaves of ‘Honghua Dajinyuan’, ‘K326’, ‘Yunyan 87’, ‘NC102’ and ‘NC297’ were systematically analyzed from the aspects of appearance quality, physical characteristics, polyphenol content, plastid pigment, aroma components and sensory quality. The results showed that the five main flue-cured tobacco varieties in Kunming had their own characteristics in appearance quality, physical properties, internal chemical composition and sensory quality of tobacco leaves. ‘NC297’ had good maturity, and ‘Yunyan 87’ had obvious dark orange color and loose leaf structure. The tensile strength and tensile resistance of the upper leaves of ‘NC297’ were significantly better, and the filling value of ‘K326’ and ‘Honghua Dajinyuan’ was higher. The content of scopoletin in ‘K326’ tobacco leaves was significantly higher, and the content of scopoletin and β-damascenone in ‘Honghua Dajinyuan’ tobacco leaves was significantly lower. The contents of heterocyclic and β-damascenone in the middle leaves of ‘NC102’ were significantly higher. The ‘Honghua Dajinyuan’ tobacco leaves had outstanding sweetness and elegant aroma; the burnt aroma of ‘K326’ tobacco leaves was obvious and the concentration was high. ‘Yunyan 87’ tobacco leaves had obvious sweet fragrance; the fragrance of ‘NC102’ tobacco leaves was obvious; the burnt sweet aroma of ‘NC297’ tobacco leaves was exposed with a lingering fragrance. There were significant differences in maturity, leaf structure, tensile strength, filling value, scopoletin content, β-damascenone content, aroma components and sensory quality among the five main flue-cured tobacco varieties in the core tobacco area of Kunming. It can provide a basis for rational distribution of planting structure of flue-cured tobacco varieties, mining the characteristics of high-quality tobacco leaves, and purchasing high-quality raw materials for cigarette industry enterprises.

Key words: Kunming tobacco area, main cultivars, tobacco leaf, aroma characteristics, quality characteristics, industrial usability