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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (33): 45-50.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0216

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

中等肥力条件下甘薯滴灌不同灌溉量与产量的关系

李仁崑1(), 毛思帅1, 兰宏亮1, 徐向东2, 王立征3   

  1. 1 北京市农业技术推广站，北京 100029
    2 北京市密云区农业职业技术学校，北京 101500
    3 密云区农业技术推广站，北京 101500
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-13 修回日期:2025-10-22 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 作者简介:

    李仁崑，男，1968年出生，正高级农艺师，本科，主要从事甘薯、杂粮农业技术推广工作。通信地址：100029 北京市朝阳区惠新里高原街甲10号 北京市农业技术推广站，Tel：010-846385670，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    北京市农业农村局科技项目“现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队建设-粮经作物”(BITG~4)

Relationship Between Different Irrigation Amounts and Yield of Sweet Potato Under Drip Irrigation in Medium-fertility Soil

LI Renkun1(), MAO Sishuai1, LAN Hongliang1, XU Xiangdong2, WANG Lizheng3   

  1. 1 Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing 100029
    2 Agricultural Vocational School of Miyun District, Beijing 101500
    3 Miyun District Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing 101500
  • Received:2025-03-13 Revised:2025-10-22 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-12-01

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摘要：

为优化滴灌方案，探究北京中等肥力条件滴灌水量对食用型甘薯产量及品质的影响，采用田间试验，于2021—2022年在密云太师屯镇太师庄村试验站，以常规漫灌为对照(CK)，设置6个滴灌量处理（选用‘烟薯25’品种）。结果表明：在甘薯移栽前、发根缓苗期、分枝结薯期进行滴灌，当灌溉量为375~450 m³/hm2时，相比CK可节水25%~38%；此灌溉量区间内，单株地上部鲜重与单株地下部鲜重比值(T/R)为0.6~0.7，甘薯产量可达46881.5~47699.4 kg/hm2，较CK增产54.0%~56.7%，商品薯产量为42214.0~43271.6 kg/hm2。不同处理对甘薯粗蛋白含量、鲜样纤维含量和可溶性糖含量无显著影响，但对干物重影响相对较大。研究表明，在北京中等肥力条件下，对‘烟薯25’品种于关键生育期实施375~450 m³/hm²的滴灌量，是实现高产高效的适宜灌溉方案。该方案在保证产量和品质的同时，可显著节约水资源，为甘薯精准灌溉提供科学依据。

关键词: 甘薯, 滴灌, 灌溉量, 产量, 水分利用效率, 农艺性状

Abstract:

To optimize the drip irrigation scheme and explore the effect of drip irrigation amount on the yield and quality of edible sweet potato under medium fertility conditions in Beijing, a field experiment was carried out in Taishizhuang Village Experimental Station of Taishitun Town in Miyun from 2021 to 2022. The conventional flood irrigation was used as the control (CK), 'Yanshu 25' variety was selected as test material, and six drip irrigation treatments with varying water volumes were set. The results showed that drip irrigation applied before transplanting, during root-establishing and seedling-slowdown stage, and branching and tuber-setting stage, with water volumes of 375-450 m3/hm2, saved 25%-38% water compared to conventional irrigation. Within this irrigation range, the ratio of above-ground fresh weight to underground fresh weight (T/R) per plant was 0.6-0.7, the sweet potato yield reached 46881.5-47699.4 kg/hm2 (54.0%-56.7% higher than that of conventional irrigation), and the commercial tuber yield was 42214.0-43271.6 kg/hm2. Different treatments had minor effects on crude protein content, fresh fiber content and soluble sugar content of sweet potato, but relatively greater impacts on dry matter weight. The results approve that under the condition of medium fertility in Beijing, the drip irrigation amount of 375-450 m3/hm2 in the key growth period of 'Yanshu 25' is a suitable irrigation scheme to achieve high yield and high efficiency. This scheme can significantly save water resources while ensuring yield and quality, and provide scientific basis for precise irrigation of sweet potato.

Key words: sweet potato, drip irrigation, irrigation amount, yield, water use efficiency, agronomic traits