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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (36): 84-89.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0311

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

超声波预处理技术在猪场废水处理环保与疾病控制的应用研究

余力()   

  1. 重庆市永川区乡村振兴促进中心, 重庆 402160
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-17 修回日期:2025-09-24 出版日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2025-12-25
  • 作者简介:

    余力,女,1990年出生,重庆永川人,兽医师,硕士,主要研究方向:动物疫病防控与检疫。E-mail:

Study on Application of Ultrasonic Pretreatment Technology in Environmental Protection and Disease Control of Swine Wastewater Treatment

YU Li()   

  1. Chongqing Yongchuan District Rural Revitalization Promotion Center, Chongqing 402160
  • Received:2025-04-17 Revised:2025-09-24 Published:2025-12-25 Online:2025-12-25

摘要:

本研究旨在探讨超声波预处理耦合序批式生物反应器(SBR)技术处理养猪废水的协同增效作用,并评估其在环境保护和疾病控制方面的应用潜力。研究创新点在于率先采用超声波预处理技术有效提升废水的生物可降解性,进而利用SBR系统进行深度净化,以提高对有机物、病原体和抗生素的去除率。处理前后废水的COD、BOD、NH3-N、TP和SS等指标的对比分析表明:超声波预处理使上述指标的去除率分别达到20.2%、25.6%、25.3%、21.4%和25.0%;SBR的后续处理则进一步显著提升去除效果,最终去除率分别提高至59.7%、65.6%、76.9%、74.7%和77.0%,其中对氨氮和总磷的去除效果最为显著。此外,该组合工艺对病原体和抗生素的去除率分别高达99.75%和98.13%。综上,超声波与SBR的协同工艺不仅能大幅优化废水处理流程、显著提高处理效率,更在环境保护和疾病防控方面具有重要的意义,为养猪废水的高效治理提供了一种极具前景的解决方案。

关键词: 超声波预处理, 序批式生物反应器(SBR), 养猪废水, 病原体, 抗生素

Abstract:

To investigate the effectiveness of combining ultrasonic pretreatment with the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology in treating swine wastewater, as well as its potential for environmental protection and disease control, ultrasonic pretreatment technology was first applied to improve the biodegradability of the wastewater, followed by further treatment through the SBR system to enhance the removal rates of organic matter, pathogens, and antibiotics. Based on the analysis of wastewater quality indicators including COD, BOD, NH3-N, TP, and SS before and after treatment, the experimental results showed that after ultrasonic pretreatment, the removal rates of COD, BOD, NH3-N, TP, and SS reached 20.2%, 25.6%, 25.3%, 21.4%, and 25.0%, respectively. On this basis, after subsequent SBR treatment, the removal rates further increased to 59.7%, 65.6%, 76.9%, 74.7%, and 77.0%, with ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus showing the most significant improvement. In addition, the combined process achieved total removal rates of 99.75% for pathogens and 98.13% for antibiotics. The synergistic application of ultrasonic pretreatment and SBR technology not only optimizes the wastewater treatment process and improves treatment efficiency, but also plays an important role in environmental protection as well as disease prevention and control.

Key words: ultrasonic pretreatment, sequential batch reactor (SBR), swine wastewater, pathogens, antibiotics