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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (33): 39-44.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0320

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

硼钼肥配施及运筹方式对宁远小籽花生农艺性状及产量的影响

唐利忠1(), 雷干农1, 蒋艺1, 吴岳庭1, 黄璜2, 李纲3, 陈雅琪1, 孙洪波1, 欧阳娟4()   

  1. 1 永州市农业科学研究所，湖南永州 425100
    2 永州市农业农村局，湖南永州 425000
    3 永州职业技术学院，湖南永州 425000
    4 宁远县农业广播电视学校，湖南永州 425600
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 修回日期:2025-08-17 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者:
    欧阳娟，女，1980年出生，湖南宁远人，高级农艺师，本科，主要从事农作物新品种新技术的引进试验和示范推广。通信地址：425600 湖南省永州市宁远县九疑中路77号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    唐利忠，男，1990年出生，湖南桂阳人，农艺师，硕士，主要从事作物育种和高产高效栽培研究。通信地址：425100 湖南省永州市零陵区桃江路204号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    湖南省科技创新计划项目“湘南丘陵红壤地区小籽花生‘降酸增钙’高产栽培技术集成及示范推广”(2024RC8248); 湖南省现代农业旱粮产业技术体系(HARS-02); 建设资金(湘财农指〔2024〕54号)

Effects of Boron and Molybdenum Fertilizer Combined Application and Operation Mode on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Ningyuan Small Seed Peanut

TANG Lizhong1(), LEI Gannong1, JIANG Yi1, WU Yueting1, HUANG Huang2, LI Gang3, CHEN Yaqi1, SUN Hongbo1, OUYANG Juan4()   

  1. 1 Yongzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yongzhou, Hunan 425100
    2 Yongzhou Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Yongzhou, Hunan 425000
    3 Yongzhou Vocational and Technical College, Yongzhou, Hunan 425000
    4 Ningyuan County Agricultural Radio and Television School, Yongzhou, Hunan 425600
  • Received:2025-04-15 Revised:2025-08-17 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-12-01

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摘要：

为优化宁远小籽花生硼钼肥配施方式，提升高产高效栽培技术水平，本研究设置了5个硼钼肥配施运筹处理（含拌种、叶面喷施及二者配施等），研究其对花生根瘤鲜重、干物质积累、经济系数、产量及构成的影响。结果表明：（1）硼钼肥拌种对花生根瘤的发育至关重要，且能显著提高花生各部位干物质累积量；（2）硼钼肥拌种+叶面喷施能促进花生地上地下部分协同发育，显著提升平均单株干物质总量和荚果重，在提升花生经济系数方面要优于仅叶面喷施硼钼肥；（3）硼钼肥拌种+叶面喷施能显著提高小籽花生单株平均总果数、百果重、百仁重、出仁率，增加单株平均饱果数，提高花生产量。综合试验结果，在宁远贫钼红壤地区，建议采用0.2%硼砂+0.2%钼酸铵拌种，并在花针始期和终期叶面喷施0.1%硼砂+0.1%钼酸铵，可有效提升小籽花生产量，较不施硼钼可显著增产7.65%。

关键词: 硼钼肥配施, 运筹方式, 宁远小籽花生, 农艺性状, 产量

Abstract:

To optimize the combined application of boron and molybdenum fertilizers and improve the high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology system of Ningyuan small seed peanut, five different combined application treatments of boron and molybdenum fertilizers were set up to study the effects of different operation methods on nodule fresh weight, dry matter accumulation, economic coefficient, yield and yield composition of peanut. The results showed that: (1) seed dressing with boron and molybdenum fertilizer was very important for the development of root nodules, and could significantly increase the dry matter accumulation in each part of peanut. (2) Seed dressing with boron and molybdenum fertilizer + foliar spraying could promote the common development of aboveground and underground parts of peanut, significantly increase the average total dry matter per plant and pod weight, and was superior to only foliar spraying of boron and molybdenum fertilizer in improving the economic coefficient of peanut. (3) Seed dressing with boron and molybdenum fertilizer + foliar spraying could significantly improve the average total fruit number per plant, 100 fruit weight, 100 kernel weight, kernel rate, increase the average number of full fruit per plant, improve peanut yield of small seed peanut. In Ningyuan molybdenum-poor red soil area, it is suggested to use 0.2% borax + 0.2% ammonium molybdate for seed dressing, and foliar spray 0.1% borax + 0.1% ammonium molybdate at the beginning and end of flower needle. The method can effectively increase the yield of small seed peanut by 7.65% compared with no boron and molybdenum application.

Key words: boron and molybdenum fertilizer combined application, operation mode, small seed peanut, agronomic traits, yield