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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 25-30.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0331

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同地膜覆盖对甘薯农艺性状及产量的影响

申瑞楠(), 张晓申(), 曹辉, 左红娟, 徐建伟, 申潇潇, 田芳   

  1. 郑州市农业科技研究院,郑州 450005
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-23 修回日期:2025-06-19 出版日期:2025-08-19 发布日期:2025-08-19
  • 通讯作者:
    张晓申,男,1976年出生,博士,副研究员,主要从事甘薯新品种选育及栽培技术研究。通信地址:450005 河南省郑州市中原区汝河路街道郑密路46号 郑州市农业科技研究院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    申瑞楠,女,1995年出生,硕士,研究实习员,主要从事甘薯新品种选育及栽培技术研究。通信地址:450005 河南省郑州市中原区汝河路街道郑密路46号 郑州市农业科技研究院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-10); 河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(HARS-22-04-G1)

Effects of Different Plastic Film Mulching on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Sweet Potato

SHEN Ruinan(), ZHANG Xiaoshen(), CAO Hui, ZUO Hongjuan, XU Jianwei, SHEN Xiaoxiao, TIAN Fang   

  1. Zhengzhou Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhengzhou 450005
  • Received:2025-04-23 Revised:2025-06-19 Published:2025-08-19 Online:2025-08-19

摘要:

本研究旨在探索不同颜色地膜覆盖对甘薯生长和产量的影响,以期为优化甘薯覆膜栽培技术提供理论依据。试验以‘烟薯25’、‘哈密’、‘龙九’3个甘薯品种为材料,分别采用覆黑膜、覆白膜、覆黑白膜和不覆膜4种处理,评估其对甘薯农艺性状、品质和产量的影响。结果表明:覆膜处理显著提升了甘薯的农艺性状及产量,其中覆黑白膜和覆黑膜的效果最为显著。相较于不覆膜对照,覆黑白膜处理使‘烟薯25’和‘哈密’的产量分别提高了约20%(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,单株分枝数、商品率、干物质均与地上部鲜重呈显著正相关,产量均与地下部鲜重呈显著正相关。不同甘薯品种对不同覆膜处理的响应存在差异性,可能与作物本身的特性和对自然环境的适应能力有关。本研究表明,黑白双色地膜覆盖显著提高了甘薯的产量和品质,具有重要的应用前景。研究结果可为甘薯覆膜栽培技术的优化和推广提供科学依据,助力甘薯产业的可持续发展。

关键词: 甘薯, 黑色地膜, 白色地膜, 双色地膜, 农艺性状, 产量

Abstract:

To investigate the influence of different plastic film mulching on sweet potato growth, three cultivars, ‘Yanshu 25’, ‘Hami’, and ‘Long 9’, were used as test subjects. The effects of black film mulching, white film mulching, and black and white film mulching on the main agronomic traits and yield of sweet potatoes were studied. The results demonstrated that plastic film mulching improved all measured agronomic traits and yield to varying degrees, with the most significant enhancements observed under black-white composite film and black film mulching. Compared to the non-mulching control (P<0.05), black-white film mulching treatment increased the yield of ‘Yanshu 25’ and ‘Hami’ by approximately 20%. Across the three cultivars, the yield improvement followed this order: black-white film > black film > white film > no mulching. Correlation analysis between agronomic traits, quality, and yield revealed that branch number per plant, marketable rate, and dry matter content showed significant correlations with aboveground fresh weight, while yield was significantly correlated with underground fresh weight. The response to different mulching treatments varied among sweet potato cultivars, which may be attributed to intrinsic crop characteristics and their adaptability to environmental conditions. This study shows that black and white plastic film mulching significantly improves the yield and quality of sweet potato, and has important application prospects.

Key words: sweet potato, black film mulching, white film mulching, black and white film mulching, agronomic traits, yield