蟑螂的生物学功能及应用的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0395

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (27): 126-134.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0395

蟑螂的生物学功能及应用的研究进展

殷明慧(), 王兆轩, 石悦琪, 敖国旭, 孙珊珊(), 凌宏志()

黑龙江大学，生命科学学院，农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心，黑龙江省寒区植物基因与生物发酵重点实验室，黑龙江省普通高校微生物重点实验室，哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2025-05-21 修回日期:2025-07-10 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-10-07
通讯作者:
孙珊珊，女，1990年出生，黑龙江绥化人，副教授，博士，研究方向：微生物次生代谢产物与生理。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号，Tel：+86-0451-86609106，E-mail：2022043@hlju.edu.cn；
凌宏志，男，1979年出生，黑龙江绥化人，教授，博士，研究方向：微生物资源挖掘与利用。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号，Tel：+86-0451-86609106，E-mail：linghongzhi@126.com。
作者简介:
殷明慧，女，2000年出生，黑龙江绥化人，硕士研究生，研究方向：微生物资源挖掘与利用。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号，Tel：+86-0451-86609106，E-mail：yinminghuiymh@163.com。
基金资助:
黑龙江省生态环境厅生态环境保护科研项目“土壤污染物PET降解菌的协同代谢及修复效果初探”(HST2022TR005); 黑龙江省高校基础科研业务费专项“聚乙烯微塑料对污染物雌二醇命运的影响及土壤微生物群落的响应机制”(2024-KYYWF-0087); 黑龙江省高校基础科研业务费专项“探究零价铁及微塑料对有机固废厌氧消化的不同机制”(2024-KYYWF-0128)

Research Progress of Biological Function and Application of Cockroach

YIN Minghui(), WANG Zhaoxuan, SHI Yueqi, AO Guoxu, SUN Shanshan(), LING Hongzhi()

Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education / Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region / Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province / School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080

Received:2025-05-21 Revised:2025-07-10 Published:2025-09-25 Online:2025-10-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了充分挖掘蟑螂的应用潜力并为生物资源开发提供科学参考，本文从蟑螂种类、起源等总结了蟑螂的生物学特性，分析了蟑螂在环境污染和疾病传播方面的具体情况。系统阐述了蟑螂在医疗领域、环境领域、食品工业等领域的应用。指出了目前对蟑螂的研究和开发还处于早期阶段，尤其对蟑螂肠道菌群的研究相对较少，人类对蟑螂相关应用的接受度也相对较低。并提出今后应优化养殖加工技术，多角度开发应用潜力。此外，量化优化其生物降解性，同时加强理论和应用研究以及环境管理，为蟑螂资源的持续开发奠定了基础。

关键词: 蟑螂, 生物学特性, 危害, 应用, 生物资源开发

Abstract:

In order to fully explore the application potential of cockroaches and provide scientific references for the development of biological resources, this study summarizes the biological characteristics of cockroaches from aspects such as species and origins, and analyzes the specific situations of cockroaches in environmental pollution and disease transmission. This paper systematically expounds the applications of cockroaches in the fields of medicine, environment, food industry and etc., which points out that the current research and development of cockroaches are still in the early stage, especially in the intestinal microorganism of cockroaches. And the acceptance of applications related to cockroaches by humans is also relatively low. Collectively, the breeding and processing technology should be optimized in the future, and the potential application should be developed from multiple perspectives. In addition, its biodegradability should be quantitatively optimized, and theoretical and applied research as well as environmental management should be strengthened, laying a foundation for the continuous development of cockroach resources.

Key words: cockroaches, biological properties, harms, applications, exploitation of biological resources

殷明慧, 王兆轩, 石悦琪, 敖国旭, 孙珊珊, 凌宏志. 蟑螂的生物学功能及应用的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(27): 126-134.

YIN Minghui, WANG Zhaoxuan, SHI Yueqi, AO Guoxu, SUN Shanshan, LING Hongzhi. Research Progress of Biological Function and Application of Cockroach[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(27): 126-134.

图/表 4

参考文献 55

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名字	来源	形态	参考文献
美国蟑螂	热带非洲	它长30~50 mm，浅棕色	[2]
德国蟑螂	非洲或热带亚洲	浅棕色，胸部有两条黑色条纹	[17]
棕色蟑螂	热带非洲	它长25~30 mm扁平状	[1]
杜比亚蟑螂	中美洲和南美洲的热带地区	成虫可达到30~40 mm，成虫呈深棕色	[18]
东方蟑螂	克里米亚半岛以及黑海和里海周边地	体长约25 mm，体色深褐色，主要特点是雄翅短，只能覆盖腹部的2/3	[14]

名字	来源	形态	参考文献
美国蟑螂	热带非洲	它长30~50 mm，浅棕色	[2]
德国蟑螂	非洲或热带亚洲	浅棕色，胸部有两条黑色条纹	[17]
棕色蟑螂	热带非洲	它长25~30 mm扁平状	[1]
杜比亚蟑螂	中美洲和南美洲的热带地区	成虫可达到30~40 mm，成虫呈深棕色	[18]
东方蟑螂	克里米亚半岛以及黑海和里海周边地	体长约25 mm，体色深褐色，主要特点是雄翅短，只能覆盖腹部的2/3	[14]

蟑螂的生物学功能及应用的研究进展

Research Progress of Biological Function and Application of Cockroach

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