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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 50-54.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0437

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

菜用甘薯水培营养液和品种筛选

高鹏1(), 蒲志刚1, 杨丹1, 李明3, 杜丹丹2, 冯俊彦1, 屈会娟1, 郎涛1, 任敏1, 李昶蓥1, 张聪1()   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所， 成都 610061
    2 成都市农业科技职业学院， 成都 611130
    3 重庆师范大学生命科学学院， 重庆 401331
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-06 修回日期:2025-11-07 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2026-03-18
  • 通讯作者:
    张聪，女，1984年出生，四川巴中人，副研究员，硕士研究生，主要从事甘薯遗传育种方面的研究。通信地址：610061 四川省成都市锦江区狮子山路106号 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所，Tel：028-84504609，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    高鹏，男，1995年出生，黑龙江大庆人，助理研究员，博士研究生，主要从事作物遗传育种方面的研究。通信地址：610061 四川省成都市锦江区狮子山路106号 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所，Tel：028-84504609，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    四川省财政自主创新专项“生物技术育种关键技术及在现代农业中的应用”(2022ZZCX028); 四川省财政自主创新专项“生物育种前沿技术应用的科技攻关路径研究”(2022ZZCX029); 四川省农业科学院科研条件平台建设专项“2025优质高效薯豆关键技术研究与应用”(2025TJPT); 四川省农业科学院科研条件平台建设专项“2025生物技术育种工程中心运转费”(51000023Y000008258891)

Hydroponic Nutrient Solution and Variety Screening for Vegetable Sweet Potato

GAO Peng1(), PU Zhigang1, YANG Dan1, LI Ming3, DU Dandan2, FENG Junyan1, QU Huijuan1, LANG Tao1, REN Min1, LI Changying1, ZHANG Cong1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
    2 Chengdu Agricultural College, , Chengdu 611130
    3 College of Life Sciences of Chongqing Normal University, , Chongqing 401331
  • Received:2025-06-06 Revised:2025-11-07 Published:2026-03-18 Online:2026-03-18

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摘要：

菜用甘薯具有丰富的营养价值，针对菜用甘薯传统栽培存在季节性供应限制，水培专用营养液与适配品种缺乏的问题，为筛选适于菜用甘薯生长的营养液配方和品种。本研究以‘台农71’、‘福薯23’、‘川菜薯SH1’和‘川菜薯SH3’ 4个品种为实验材料，设置7种营养液配方（莫拉德、霍格兰、日本田园等）开展室内水培试验，测定株高、生物量、茎尖重量及长度等指标。结果显示：（1）日本田园营养液（C）培养效果最优，植株平均地上部重10.85 g、茎尖重4.42 g、茎尖长4.79 cm，显著优于其他配方，日本山崎营养液（F）次之；（2）品种中‘川菜薯SH3’表现最佳，平均地上部重9.75 g、平均茎尖重4.30 g、平均茎尖长4.81 cm，地上部生长优势显著；（3）地上部与地下部生长呈负相关，‘福薯23’地下部（根长27.93 cm、根重2.45 g）发育最优。综上所述，日本田园营养液与‘川菜薯SH3’的组合为菜用甘薯水培的最佳方案。本研究为菜用甘薯的水培实践提供了理论指导，也为后续优化水培品种与营养液的选择提供科学依据。未来可优化营养液营养元素配比，结合光温环境调控，探究水培甘薯品质形成机制，为周年化生产提供更精准技术支撑。

关键词: 菜用甘薯, 水培, 营养液, 地上部生物量, 地下部生物量, 茎尖

Abstract:

Vegetable sweet potato is rich in nutritional value. Aiming at the problems of seasonal supply limitation in traditional cultivation and the lack of special hydroponic nutrient solutions and suitable varieties for vegetable sweet potato, this study screened nutrient solution formulas and varieties suitable for the growth of vegetable sweet potato. Four varieties, namely ‘Tainong 71’,‘Fushu 23’,‘Chuancaishu SH1’, and‘Chuancaishu SH3’, were used as experimental materials. Indoor hydroponic experiments were conducted with seven nutrient solution formulas (Morard, Hoagland, Japanese Garden, etc.), and plant height, biomass, shoot tip weight and length, and other indices were determined. The results showed: (1) The Japanese Garden nutrient solution (C) exhibited the optimal culture effect, with an average shoot weight of 10.85 g, shoot tip weight of 4.42 g, and shoot tip length of 4.79 cm, which were significantly better than those of other formulas, followed by the Japanese Yamazaki nutrient solution (F). (2) Among the varieties, ‘Chuancaishu SH3’ performed the best, with an average shoot weight of 9.75 g, average shoot tip weight of 4.30 g, and average shoot tip length of 4.81 cm, showing significant advantages in shoot growth. (3) There was a negative correlation between shoot and root growth. ‘Fushu 23’ had the best root development, with a root length of 27.93 cm and root weight of 2.45 g. In summary, the combination of Japanese Garden nutrient solution and ‘Chuanshu SH3’ is the optimal scheme for hydroponic cultivation of vegetable sweet potato. This study provides theoretical guidance for the hydroponic practice of vegetable sweet potato and a scientific basis for the subsequent optimization of hydroponic varieties and nutrient solution selection.

Key words: vegetable sweet potatoes, hydroponic, nutrient solution, aerial biomass, underground biomass, shoot tip