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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 68-75.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0480

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同粪污类型对烟秆好氧发酵过程的影响

张志高1(), 王闯2, 曾文欣2, 黄旭民1, 章慧芬1, 尹冬1, 王利兵1, 许兴辉1, 张红2()   

  1. 1 江西省烟草公司抚州市公司， 江西抚州 344000
    2 河南农业大学烟草学院， 郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-16 修回日期:2025-10-27 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-15
  • 通讯作者:
    张红，女，1986年出生，河南郑州人，副教授，博士，主要从事烟草化学方向研究。通信地址：450002 河南省郑州市河南农业大学龙子湖校区烟草学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张志高，男，1987年出生，江西抚州人，农艺师，硕士，主要从事烟草病虫害绿色防控方向研究。通信地址：344000 江西省抚州市烟草公司，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司江西省公司科技计划项目“基于堆肥腐熟技术的烟株残体再利用关键技术研究”(202301006)

Effects of Different Animal Manures on Aerobic Fermentation Process in Tobacco Stalk Composting

ZHANG Zhigao1(), WANG Chuang2, ZENG Wenxin2, HUANG Xumin1, ZHANG Huifen1, YIN Dong1, WANG Libing1, XU Xinghui1, ZHANG Hong2()   

  1. 1 Fuzhou Branch of Jiangxi Tobacco Corporation, Fuzhou, Jiangxi 344000
    2 College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002
  • Received:2025-06-16 Revised:2025-10-27 Published:2026-05-15 Online:2026-05-15

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摘要：

为探究不同粪污对烟秆好氧发酵堆肥的调控效应，本研究将烟秆分别与猪粪(T1)、羊粪(T2)、牛粪(T3)、鸡粪(T4)混合进行堆肥试验（初始碳氮比25:1）。试验动态监测堆体温度、pH、电导率(EC)、总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、碳氮比(C/N)、总磷(TP)、总钾(TK)及种子发芽指数(GI)等关键参数，以评估不同粪污类型对烟秆堆肥腐熟进程的影响。结果表明，各处理组的高温期持续时间均符合堆肥无害化标准；经过63 d发酵，各处理pH稳定在8.00~8.50之间；T1和T2处理的EC显著低于T3和T4，但TOC含量高于T3和T4。养分分析显示，堆肥结束时T2处理的TN显著高于其他处理组；各处理C/N持续下降，最终均降至15以下；T4处理的TP含量最高，T2最低；TK含量排序依次为T4>T3>T1>T2。腐熟度评估中，T1和T2处理的GI值显著高于T4，表明其成熟度更高、植物毒性更低。综合表明，添加猪粪(T1)和羊粪(T2)能有效提升烟秆堆肥的有机质转化效率，优化养分平衡，并加速腐熟进程，是烟秆资源化利用的优选辅料，为优化烟秆堆肥工艺提供了理论依据与技术参数。

关键词: 烟秆, 堆肥, 畜禽粪污, 好氧发酵, 腐熟进程, 资源化利用

Abstract:

To investigate the regulatory effects of different livestock manures on aerobic fermentation of tobacco stalks, composting experiments were conducted with tobacco stalks mixing separately with swine manure (T1), sheep manure (T2), cattle manure (T3), and chicken manure (T4) at an initial C/N ratio of 25:1. Key parameters including pile temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and germination index (GI) were dynamically monitored to evaluate manure-type effects on the maturation process. The results demonstrated that all treatments met thermophilic-phase sanitation standards, with post-fermentation (63 d) pH stabilizing between 8.00-8.50. Treatments T1 and T2 exhibited significantly lower EC but higher TOC than T3 and T4. Nutrient analysis showed that at the end of composting, the TN content in treatment T2 was significantly higher than that in T1, T3, and T4. The C/N ratios of all treatments eventually fell below 15. TP content peaked in T4 and reached minimum in T2, with TK accumulation following T4>T3>T1>T2. Maturity assessment showed significantly higher GI values in T1 and T2 versus T4, indicating superior compost maturity and reduced phytotoxicity. In summary, swine manure (T1) and sheep manure (T2) effectively enhanced organic matter conversion efficiency, optimized nutrient balance, and accelerated maturation, establishing them as optimal amendments for tobacco stalk valorization. This study provides critical theoretical and technical parameters for composting optimization.

Key words: tobacco stalk, composting, livestock manure, aerobic fermentation, compost maturity, resource utilization

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