欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (33): 139-145.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0586

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

多异瓢虫对桃蚜的捕食功能反应

古力努尔·吐尔洪(), 田果, 杨清川, 叶婷玉, 杨明禄()   

  1. 塔里木大学农学院/南疆农业有害生物综合治理兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-14 修回日期:2025-09-23 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者:
    杨明禄,男,1976年出生,山东夏津人,教授,硕士,研究方向:害虫天敌资源利用与开发。通信地址:843300 新疆阿拉尔市虹桥南路705号 塔里木大学农学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    古力努尔·吐尔洪,女,1999年出生,新疆阿图什人,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物保护。通信地址:843300 新疆阿拉尔市虹桥南路705号 塔里木大学农学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团自然科学支持计划资助“南疆加工辣椒专用品种选育及机械化生产关键技术集成示范”(2025AA016)

Predatory Functional Response of Hippodamia variegata to Myzus persicae

TUERHONG Gulinuer(), TIAN Guo, YANG Qingchuan, YE Tingyu, YANG Minglu()   

  1. College of Agriculture, Tarim University/Key Laboratory of the Corps for Comprehensive Management of Agricultural Pest in Southern Xinjiang, Alar, Xinjiang 843300
  • Received:2025-07-14 Revised:2025-09-23 Published:2025-11-25 Online:2025-12-01

摘要:

本研究旨在评估多异瓢虫(Hippodamia variegata)对桃蚜(Myzus persicae)的生物防控潜力。在人工气候条件[温度(26±1)℃、光周期14L:10D,相对湿度70%±5%]下,设置不同密度的多异瓢虫和桃蚜组合处理,采用Holling-II圆盘模型分析多异瓢虫对桃蚜的捕食功能反应、寻找反应和干扰反应。结果表明,多异瓢虫各龄期幼虫和成虫对桃蚜的捕食功能反应均符合Holling-Ⅱ模型,瓢虫捕食量随猎物密度的增加而增大。按最大理论捕食量排序,依次为:4龄幼虫(184.81头)、雌成虫(176.01头)、雄成虫(151.35头)、3龄幼虫(120.68头)、2龄幼虫(38.00头)和1龄幼虫(16.29头)。其中4龄幼虫对桃蚜的瞬时攻击率a′最强,为1.5790;1龄幼虫的瞬时攻击率a′最弱,为0.5077。多异瓢虫不同虫态对桃蚜的寻找效应均随猎物密度的增加而减弱,其中4龄幼虫寻找效应最强。多异瓢虫不同虫态对桃蚜的捕食受自身密度与种内干扰较强,在一定的猎物密度下,随着捕食者密度的增加自身密度干扰系数随着龄期的增大而增加,其干扰系数分别为雄成虫(0.597)、4龄幼虫(0.535)、雌成虫(0.507)、3龄幼虫(0.444)、2龄幼虫(0.398)、1龄幼虫(0.290)。多异瓢虫作为新疆地区重要的本土天敌昆虫,其对桃蚜有较高的捕食能力和防治潜力。本研究明确了其优势虫态及密度干扰效应,为优化多异瓢虫在桃蚜生物防治中的应用(尤其在虫态选择和密度控制等释放策略方面)提供了重要的理论基础。

关键词: 多异瓢虫, 桃蚜, 捕食能力, 干扰反应, 生物防治

Abstract:

This study aimed to clarify the biological control potential of Hippodamia variegata against Myzus persicae. Different density treatments of H. variegata (predator) and M. persicae (prey) were set up. Under controlled artificial climate conditions [temperature (26±1℃), photoperiod (L:D=14:10), relative humidity (70%±5%)], the predatory functional response, searching efficiency, and interference response of H. variegata to M. persicae were determined in the laboratory using the Holling-II model equation. The functional responses of H. variegata (including larvae at all instars and adults) to M. persicae all conformed to the Holling-II model. The predation rate of H. variegata increased with increasing prey density. The theoretical maximum daily predation capacity of H. variegata on M. persicae differed among developmental stages, in the following descending order: 4th instar larvae (184.81 individuals), female adults (176.01 individuals), male adults (151.35 individuals), 3rd instar larvae (120.68 individuals), 2nd instar larvae (38.00 individuals), and 1st instar larvae (16.29 individuals). The 4th instar larvae exhibited the strongest instantaneous attack rate (a′ = 1.5790) on M. persicae, while the 1st instar larvae showed the weakest (a′ = 0.5077). For all developmental stages of H. variegata, the searching efficiency on M. persicae decreased with increasing prey density, with the 4th instar larvae demonstrating the strongest searching effect. The predation of M. persicae by H. variegata (across all stages) was significantly affected by the predator’s own density and intraspecific interference. Under a fixed prey density, as the predator density increased, the self-density interference coefficient increased with the advancement of H. variegata’s developmental stage. The interference coefficients of different stages were ranked as follows: male adults (0.597) > 4th instar larvae (0.535) > female adults (0.507) > 3rd instar larvae (0.444) > 2nd instar larvae (0.398) > 1st instar larvae (0.290). As a dominant natural enemy insect resource in Xinjiang, H. variegata exhibits excellent predation ability and pest control potential. This study provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the effective application of H. variegata in the practical control of M. persicae.

Key words: Hippodamia variegata, Myzus persicae, predatory capacity, interference response, biological control