欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17): 177-181.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0755

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

6种植物油中脂肪酸组分及相对含量分析

徐云1(), 范娜2(), 张军2, 蒋益松3, 罗镰威3   

  1. 1 商洛市产品质量监督检验所, 陕西商洛 726000
    2 商洛学院, 陕西商洛 726000
    3 陕西君悦康农业开发有限责任公司, 陕西商洛 726000
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-05 修回日期:2026-03-31 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-09-09
  • 通讯作者:
    范娜,女,1986年出生,副教授,博士,研究方向:食品资源综合开发利用。通信地址:726000 陕西省商洛市商州区北新街东段商洛学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    徐云,女,1990年出生,工程师,硕士,研究方向:食品检验技术。通信地址:726000 陕西省商洛市商州区陈塬街道办事处构峪桥西200米,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省科技计划项目“木本油料食用油脂提质增效加工关键技术及副产物高值化综合利用研究及示范”(2023XCZX2-56); 商洛学院校企合作项目“核桃油脂提质增效加工关键技术研究”(22HKY272)

Analysis of Fatty Acid Components and Relative Content in Six Vegetable Oils

XU Yun1(), FAN Na2(), ZHANG Jun2, JIANG Yisong3, LUO Lianwei3   

  1. 1 Shangluo Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Shangluo, Shaanxi 726000
    2 Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shaanxi 726000
    3 Shaanxi Junyuekang Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Shangluo, Shaanxi 726000
  • Received:2025-09-05 Revised:2026-03-31 Published:2026-09-15 Online:2026-09-09

摘要:

为了解商洛本地生产植物油的营养价值,筛选优质植物油,本研究以6种常见植物油为研究对象,按照气相色谱法依据GB 5009.168—2016 《食品安全国家标准 食品中脂肪酸的测定》标准,对其脂肪酸组分及相对含量进行了测定分析。结果表明:不同种类的植物油在脂肪酸组分与相对含量既具有共性,又具有自身特性。菜籽油的单不饱和脂肪酸含量最高(63.07%~68.38%),并且含量高于多不饱和脂肪酸(25.53%~29.69%)。同时,菜籽油的总不饱和脂肪酸相对含量也位居首位(92.76%~96.65%),其次是核桃油(89.11%~92.95%)。不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例变化趋势与总不饱和脂肪酸相对含量规律相似。必需脂肪酸含量的排序为:核桃油>葵花籽油>沙棘果油>芝麻油>花生油>菜籽油。综上所述,菜籽油、核桃油因其优异的脂肪酸组成,被认定为营养健康且品质卓越的优质植物油。本研究为商洛地区食用植物油的品质鉴定和特色产品的筛选提供了科学依据。

关键词: 植物油, 不饱和脂肪酸, 亚麻酸, 必需脂肪酸

Abstract:

To understand the nutritional value of locally produced vegetable oils in Shangluo and select high-quality oils, six types of vegetable oils were studied. The fatty acid composition and relative content were determined using gas chromatography in accordance with the National Food Safety Standard for Determination of Fatty Acids in Foods (GB 5009.168-2016). The findings indicate that different vegetable oils share common fatty acid profiles and relative contents while exhibiting unique characteristics. The relative content of monounsaturated fatty acids is highest in rapeseed oil (63.07%-68.38%), surpassing that of polyunsaturated fatty acids (25.53%-29.69%). Rapeseed oil also shows the highest relative content of total unsaturated fatty acids (92.76%-96.65%), followed by walnut oil (89.11%-92.95%). The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids follows a pattern similar to the relative content of total unsaturated fatty acids. The essential fatty acid content ranks as follows: walnut oil > sunflower oil > seabuckthorn oil > sesame oil > peanut oil > rapeseed oil. In summary, rapeseed oil and walnut oil are identified as nutritionally healthy and high-quality vegetable oils.

Key words: vegetable oil, unsaturated fatty acid, linolenic acid, essential fatty acid

中图分类号: