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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (21): 132-140.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0822

• 林学•园艺•园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

番木瓜植株生长和果实发育模型研究

戴宏芬1(), 吴夏明1, 周陈平1, 杨俊贤2, 杨敏1, 杨美珍2, 邝瑞彬1, 魏岳荣1()   

  1. 1 广东省农业科学院果树研究所/农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/广东省果树科学与技术研究重点实验室， 广州 510640
    2 珠海市金湾区平沙镇人民政府， 广东珠海 519055
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-29 修回日期:2026-08-15 出版日期:2026-11-10 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者:
    魏岳荣，男，1972年出生，湖南岳阳人，研究员，博士，主要从事亚热带作物种质资源收集评价、细胞工程和分子育种研究。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区大丰二街80号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    戴宏芬，女，1972年出生，浙江丽水人，副研究员，主要从事果树高效栽培技术研究。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区大丰二街80号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    珠海市平沙镇科技支撑项目“名特优水果优质高效立体栽培技术研究与集成及示范推广”(TZ-2022-100); 广州市重点研发计划项目“番木瓜高效育种技术创新与丰产优质耐贮新品种选育”(2023B03J1369); 广东省农业科学院果树研究所重点实验室创新基金项目“丰产、优质、抗逆短周期特色果树新品种选育”(GSCXJJ-202606)

Study on Models of Plant Growth and Fruit Development of Papaya

DAI Hongfen1(), WU Xiaming1, ZHOU Chenping1, YANG Junxian2, YANG Min1, YANG Meizhen2, KUANG Ruibin1, WEI Yuerong1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Research on Fruit Tree, Guangzhou 510640
    2 The People’s Government of Pingsha Town, Jinwan District, Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519055
  • Received:2025-09-29 Revised:2026-08-15 Published:2026-11-10 Online:2026-11-10

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摘要：

研究番木瓜植株生长和果实发育规律并建立数学模型，为果树优质高效栽培和新品种推广应用提供理论依据。以‘紫晖’和‘黄花佑’番木瓜植株和早批次坐果果实为研究对象，定期测量其株高、茎粗、果实纵径和横径等指标，构建了基于生长时间的Logistic生长模型及其速率方程，并结合有效积温、日照时数积累值、相对湿度积累值等气象因子进行偏相关分析，并修正Logistic方程，构建多因子生长模型。结果表明，番木瓜植株与果实生长动态均呈“S”型曲线，Logistic模型拟合度高（决定系数R2≥0.959），拐点分别出现在6月下旬和7月上旬；‘黄花佑’早期生长速率高于‘紫晖’，拐点出现较早，最大生长速率(vm)较高，株高、茎粗、果实纵径、横径的vm为1.77、0.33、0.26、0.14 cm/d，分别为‘紫晖’的1.20、1.03、1.04、1.27倍，‘紫晖’各指标的生长速率分别在拐点之后的不同时间点超过‘黄花佑’；‘紫晖’株高、茎粗、果实纵径、横径的快速生长期（速生期）时长为113.05、90.51、54.09、65.52 d，分别是‘黄花佑’的1.17、0.97、1.12、1.21倍；‘黄花佑’株高、茎粗、果实横径的生长量高于‘紫晖’，‘紫晖’果实纵径的速生期较长，生长速度较早反超，生长量高于‘黄花佑’；日照时数积累值对各指标影响极显著（偏相关系数最高达0.948），有效积温次之，相对湿度积累值无显著影响；引入气象因子的多因子模型拟合效果更优(R2≥0.992)。研究表明，Logistic模型可较好拟合番木瓜植株生长和果实发育过程，多因子模型显著提升了预测精度；‘紫晖’和‘黄花佑’在生长参数上差异显著，日照时数积累值、有效积温是影响番木瓜生长的重要气象因素。

关键词: 番木瓜, Logistic方程, 拐点, 速生期, 生长速率, 有效积温

Abstract:

This study was carried out to investigate the patterns of plant growth and fruit development of papaya and to establish mathematical model for high-quality and efficient cultivation and promotion of new varieties. Tissue-cultured seedlings of new papaya cultivars ‘Zihui’ and ‘Huanghuayou’ were planted in March. Growth parameters such as plant height, stem perimeter, longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of fruit were measured periodically as dependent variables. Logistic growth models were established and the independent variable was growth time. Derived functions of models were growth rate equations. Partial correlation analysis was conducted between dependent variables and independent variables such as growth time, effective accumulated temperature, cumulative sunshine duration, and cumulative relative humidity in order to choose more independent variables for multi-factor growth models. The results showed that the patterns of plants growth and fruits of papaya were “S”-shaped curves and were divided into early, fast-growth and late stage. The Logistic models demonstrated high fitting accuracy (coefficient of determination R2≥0.959). The inflection points of plant and fruit occurred in late June and early July. ‘Huanghuayou’ exhibited higher growth rate than ‘Zihui’ at first, with earlier inflection point and higher maximum growth rate (vm). vm of plant height, stem perimeter, fruit longitudinal diameter, and transverse diameter of ‘Huanghuayou’ were 1.77, 0.33, 0.26, and 0.14 cm/d, which were 1.20, 1.03, 1.04, and 1.27 times of ‘Zihui’. However, the growth rates of all parameters of ‘Zihui’ surpassed ‘Huanghuayou’ at different time after inflection points. The duration of the fast-growth stage of plant height, stem perimeter, fruit longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of ‘Zihui’ were 113.05, 90.51, 54.09, and 65.52 days, which were 1.17, 0.97, 1.12, and 1.21 times of ‘Huanghuayou’. ‘Huanghuayou’ exhibited greater growth amount of plant height, stem perimeter, and fruit transverse diameter. ‘Zihui’ exhibited greater growth amount of fruit longitudinal diameter due to longer fast-growth stage and the earliest speed-surpassing ‘Huanghuayou’. Cumulative sunshine duration showed more highly significant influence on growth parameters (maximum partial correlation coefficient of 0.948), followed by effective accumulated temperature. Cumulative relative humidity showed little significant effect. Multi-factor models with added meteorological factors demonstrated superior fitting performance (R2≥0.992). In summary, the Logistic growth curve equations and its derivative functions could be used to simulate the growth process of plant and fruit of papaya. Growth parameters are slightly different between ‘Zihui’ and ‘Huanghuayou’. Cumulative sunshine duration and effective accumulated temperature are identified as key meteorological factors. Multi-factor growth models exhibit much better fitting performance.

Key words: papaya, Logistic equation, inflection point, fast-growth stage, growth rate, effective accumulated temperature

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