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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (18): 206-209.

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期施肥对褐潮土氮、有机质动态变化的影响

宋永林 李秀英 李小平   

  • 收稿日期:2010-03-02 修回日期:2010-06-09 出版日期:2011-09-20 发布日期:2011-09-20
  • 基金资助:
    科技部基础性项目资助

Effect of long-term fertilization on N and oranic matter dynamicchanges in fluvo-aqvic soil

  • Received:2010-03-02 Revised:2010-06-09 Online:2011-09-20 Published:2011-09-20

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摘要： 通过北京昌平“国家褐潮土土壤肥力和肥料效益监测基地”的长期定位试验（1991-2003年），研究了长期施肥条件下对褐潮土氮、有机质动态变化的影响。结果表明：氮磷钾化肥配施有机物料提高耕层土壤全氮的效果最为明显，配施有机肥和秸秆处理分别比不施肥增加21.11%和14.35%，明显高于单一施用化肥。长期单施氮肥，或氮磷配合，或氮磷钾配合也显著增加了土壤全氮含量，分别比对照增加10.03%,8.32%和8.40%，而磷钾配合降低了土壤全氮含量。土壤碱解氮含量仍然是氮磷钾配施有机肥或秸杆处理优于单施化肥，分别比对照增加34.97%和32.96%，长期单施氮肥，或氮磷配合，或氮钾配合，或氮磷钾配合，分别比对照增加17.26％,21.55%，23.83%和26.41%。配合施用有机肥处理耕层土壤有机质含量明显高于单施化肥处理；与不施肥比较，NPK＋秸秆以及NPK＋有机肥处理土壤有机质含量分别增加7.90％和14.56％,氮磷钾配合和氮磷配合分别比对照增加6.51％和5.89%，而单施氮肥仅增加2.56%。可见NPK平衡施用及其配施有机肥对增加土壤有机质含量具有重要作用。

关键词: 中药, 中药, 奶牛, 乳房炎, 病原菌, 抑杀效果

Abstract: Based on National Supervision Base for Aqui-cinnamon Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Benefits in Changping, Beijing (1991-2003), the effect of long-term fertilization on N and oranic matter dynamicchanges in fluvo-aqvic soil，the main results obtained：the combined application of NPK with organic materials can increase soil total N content obviously. Both two treatments of NPKM and NPK + straw increased total soil N by 21.11% and 14.35%, respectively, which was higher than that of chemical fertilizer alone markedly. Compared with CK, long-term application of N, NP, and NPK increased soil total N by 10.03%, 8.32% and 8.40%, respectively, while PK treatment decreased soil total N content. Meanwhile, long-term application of N only, NP, NK and NPK increased content of available nitrogen by 17.26%, 21.55%, 23.83% and 26.41%, separately; Both two treatments of NPKM and NPK + straw were greatly superior to the treatment of those chemical fertilizer alone, with the increment of available nitrogen by 34.97% and 32.96%, respectively. The content of soil organic matter(OM) of NPKM treatment was higher than that of single chemical fertilizer treatment significantly. In comparison with CK, soil OM with treatments of NPK + Straw, NPKM, NPK, NP and N only increased by 7.90%, 14.56%, 6.51%, 5.89% and 2.56%, respectively. Therefore, balanced application of N,Pand K, and combined application of NPK with organic materials play a very important role in improving soil OM status.