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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (20): 106-112.

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期垄作对水稻土腐殖质特性的影响

唐晓红 罗友进 赵光 魏朝富   

  • 收稿日期:2010-03-10 修回日期:2010-05-24 出版日期:2010-10-20 发布日期:2010-10-20
  • 基金资助:

    四川盆地稻田土壤碳库分布特征;耕地地力提升与退化耕地修复关键技术研究

Impacts of long-term ridge culture on humus substances properties in paddy soil

  • Received:2010-03-10 Revised:2010-05-24 Online:2010-10-20 Published:2010-10-20

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1071

摘要：

以耕作制定位试验的常规平作（对照）、垄作、宽垄作和水旱轮作处理为研究对象，对不同宽垄作下腐殖质组分碳含量和光学性质进行了研究，以期探讨不同垄宽对土壤腐殖质特性的影响。结果表明：不同垄宽对土壤腐殖质含量和光学性质具有显著影响。在耕作层和犁底层，垄作和宽垄作提取碳含量均显著高于对照所提取的，且犁底层增幅高于耕作层；胡敏酸碳含量分别为提取碳和土壤碳含量的38%-65%和12%-29%，富里酸碳含量为土壤碳含量的12%-25%。经17年垄作和宽垄作种植水稻，耕作层胡敏酸碳含量和富里酸碳含量增加，显著高于同期对照。胡敏酸的E4/E6比值介于4.65-5.89之间，垄作与其余处理差异显著。用NaOH+Na4P2O7（a）提取的胡敏酸和富里酸的色调系数（⊿㏒K）均低于用NaOH（b）提取的土壤胡敏酸和富里酸的⊿㏒K，（a）和（b）提取的胡敏酸分别属于Rp和B型。富里酸的相对色度（RF）低于胡敏酸的RF，说明紫色水稻土胡敏酸的氧化程度和芳构化程度高于富里酸。

关键词: 紫羊茅, 紫羊茅, 水杨酸, 抗冷性, 脯氨酸含量, 细胞膜透性, 丙二醛

Abstract:

A 17 years experiment, including conservation tillage such as ridge culture (rice-wheat/rapeseed), wide ridge culture (rice-wheat/rapeseed), and paddy-upland rotation (rice-wheat/rapeseed) and conventional tillage (rice-fallow) (CK), was conducted on purple paddy soil in Sichuan basin to investigate the influence of ridge culture on the changes of soil humus substances (HS) and its optic properties．The results showed that significant differences of HS contents and optic properties were discovered under ridge (wide ridge) tillage. The extracted organic carbon (OC) contents under ridge and wide ridge culture were remarkably higher than that under CK. The percentage of their increase in the layer of 20-40 cm was higher than that at the depth of 0-20 cm. The proportion of OC in humic acids (HA) accounted for 38%-65% and 12%-29% compared with extracted OC and SOC contents, respectively. While that of fulvic acids (FA) was 12%-25% as compared to SOC. The OC contents in HA and FA under ridge and wide ridge culture after 17 years increased and were significant higher than that in CK at the same time. E4/E6 ratios of HA were in the range of the 4.65-5.89 and significant differences between ridge (wide ridge) and other treatments were observed. The ⊿㏒K of HA and FA extracted with NaOH+Na4P2O7 (a) agent were lower than that with NaOH (b) agent. HA extracted with (a) and (b) agent were Rp and B type humic acid, respectively. The RF of FA was lower than that of HA, which indicated that the oxidation and aromatic components of HA in purple paddy soil were enforced comparing with FA.