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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (31): 1-6.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191100874

所属专题: 生物技术 小麦 农业气象

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

干旱对不同类型冬小麦根系可溶性物质、相关酶活性及地上部形态的影响

韩丽萍(), 韩晓凡, 朱玉鹏, 郭卫卫()   

  1. 青岛农业大学农学院/青岛农业大学山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室/山东省耐盐作物种质创新与利用工程技术研究中心,山东青岛 266109
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-25 修回日期:2020-02-19 出版日期:2020-11-05 发布日期:2020-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 郭卫卫
  • 作者简介:韩丽萍,女,1994年出生,甘肃皋兰人,硕士研究生,研究方向为小麦遗传育种。通信地址:266109 山东省青岛市城阳区长城路700号 青岛农业大学农学院,E-mail:847289560@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    青岛农业大学高层次人才基金“弱筋小麦突变体的筛选及其候选基因的功能鉴定”(6631118022)

Effects of Drought on Root Configuration, Active Enzymes and Osmosis in Different Types of Winter Wheat

Han Liping(), Han Xiaofan, Zhu Yupeng, Guo Weiwei()   

  1. College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University/ Shandong Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Salt-tolerant Crops, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao Shandong 266109
  • Received:2019-11-25 Revised:2020-02-19 Online:2020-11-05 Published:2020-11-20
  • Contact: Guo Weiwei

摘要:

为研究干旱对不同类型冬小麦根系抗氧化酶和渗透物质的影响,以水肥型冬小麦品种‘济麦22’、抗旱节水型冬小麦品种‘青麦6号’为材料,通过PVC土柱试验,设置全生育期正常浇水和不浇水2个处理,观察拔节、挑旗、开花、灌浆期小麦的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)等渗透调节物质及地上部形态的变化。随着生育时期的进行,冬小麦的群体数量、根系内过氧化物酶(POD)活性、可溶性糖含量呈逐渐降低的趋势;根系内SOD活性、脯氨酸含量呈先增加后减少的趋势;MDA含量呈逐渐增加的趋势。2个冬小麦品种在不同控水条件下表现出不同的变化趋势,‘济麦22’在满足水分条件下根系内的SOD活性、POD活性以及可溶性糖含量显著大于‘青麦6号’。但在全生育期不浇水处理下,‘青麦6号’的群体数量、SOD活性、POD活性、可溶性糖含量以及脯氨酸含量均表现出显著增加的趋势。干旱胁迫下,‘青麦6号’在根系方面表现出较强的抗氧化能力与调节细胞渗透势的能力,以实现维持体内水分平衡、增强对干旱胁迫的适应性。

关键词: 小麦, 根系, 超氧化物歧化酶, 过氧化物酶, 丙二醛, 可溶性糖含量

Abstract:

To study the effects of drought on antioxidant enzymes and osmotic substances of different types of winter wheat roots, we used water-fertilizer wheat cultivar ‘Jimai 22’ (J22) and drought-tolerant wheat cultivar ‘Qingmai 6’ (Q6) as materials to simulate the field environment through PVC soil pillars. Two treatments were normal condition and drought treatment during the full growth period, and then we observed the changes of root morphology, dry matter weight, SOD, MDA and POD enzyme activity of different types of wheat. With the development of wheat, the number of wheat populations, POD activity and soluble sugar content in root system decreased gradually; the SOD activity and proline content in the root system increased first and then decreased; and MDA content gradually increased. The two different types of winter wheat showed different trends under different conditions. The SOD, POD activity and soluble sugar content in the root system of J22 were significantly greater than those of Q6 under water condition. However, in the absence of water, compared with those of J22, the population number, SOD, POD enzyme activity, soluble sugar, and proline content of Q6 increased significantly. Under drought stress, Q6 shows strong antioxidant ability of regulating cell osmotic potential in the root system, thus maintaining water balance and enhancing adaptability to the stress.

Key words: wheat, root, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar content

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