植物原生质体再生细胞壁研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200300246

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

原生质体作为单细胞且具有全能性,为研究植物细胞壁生物合成提供了独特的视角和模型。原生质体细胞壁再生过程复杂,涉及诸多细胞信号转导通路,应用普通的研究方法难以全面解析整个再生壁过程的分子网络。为充分了解植物原生质体再生壁内在特性,推动植物原生质体再生壁的分子机理进一步完善,笔者从原生质体再生细胞壁培养、细胞壁再生的细胞生物学证据、结合诸多组学技术研究细胞壁再生分子机理3个方面进行系统分析和归纳总结。分析了不同植物原生质体培养的主要影响因素如植物材料限制、培养基及培养方式的差异;归纳了2种常用染料应用于原生质体再生壁可视化研究的进展;总结了转录组、蛋白组及更为精细的核蛋白组及磷蛋白组技术在揭示细胞壁再生分子网络机理方面的应用和意义,并提出了对原生质体细胞壁再生机理深入研究的展望。

关键词: 原生质体, 细胞壁再生, 组织培养, 卡式白染料, 分子机理

Abstract:

Protoplasts without cell walls are capable of forming new cell walls and therefore provide a unique model and perspective for the study of cell wall biosynthesis. The process of cell wall regeneration from plant protoplast is extremely complex, involving a lot of signal transduction pathway, thus, it is difficult to thoroughly study the molecular network of the whole regeneration wall process by using common research methods. To understand the intrinsic characteristics of the new regenerated cell wall from plant protoplasts, and promote further understanding of the molecular mechanism of protoplast regeneration, three parts were comprehensively discussed in this review, including a detailed elaboration about different types of protoplast culture, the cytobiological evidence of cell wall regeneration and the molecular mechanism of cell wall regeneration combined with key omics techniques. In addition, the main influencing factors of different plant protoplast culture such as the limitation of plant materials, culture medium and culture methods were analyzed. Two kinds of dyes commonly used in the visualization of regenerated cell wall and the transcriptome, proteome and more intricate nuclear proteome and phosphoproteome used in the construction of cell wall molecular networks were summarized. At the same time, the further study of mechanism of cell wall regeneration was prospected.

Key words: protoplast, cell wall regeneration, tissue culture, Calcofluor white, molecular mechanism

中图分类号:

Q291

杨颖, 康兰, 耿新, 陈玉珍, 卢存福. 植物原生质体再生细胞壁研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2021, 37(4): 25-30.

Yang Ying, Kang Lan, Geng Xin, Chen Yuzhen, Lu Cunfu. Research Progress of Cell Wall Regeneration from Plant Protoplast[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(4): 25-30.

图/表 2

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