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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (33): 11-17.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0292

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同植物生长调节剂施用对水稻产量和品质的影响研究

胡星晨1(), 张耀元1, 窦志1, 周建2, 高辉1()   

  1. 1 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州 225009
    2 江苏多农多收技术研究有限公司,南京 210000
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-25 修回日期:2024-08-24 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-11-23
  • 通讯作者:
    高辉,男,1975年出生,江苏启东人,教授,硕士生导师,博士,主要从事稻田综合种养绿色高效技术及其信息系统开发研究。通信地址:225009 江苏省扬州市文汇东路48号 扬州大学水稻产业工程技术研究院,Tel:0514-87974556,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    胡星晨,男,1999年出生,江苏淮安人,硕士研究生,主要从事水稻高产优质栽培技术研究。通信地址:225009 江苏省扬州市文汇东路48号,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    2021年江苏多农多收技术研究有限公司水稻调控增产技术攻关产学研合作基地项目横向委托课题“植物生长调节剂对优质粳稻和籼稻产量与抗倒性的效应研究”(DNDS202301); “爱增多与金多收调控水稻产量的机制研究”(DNDS202302)

Study on Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Yield and Quality of Rice

HU Xingchen1(), ZHANG Yaoyuan1, DOU Zhi1, ZHOU Jian2, GAO Hui1()   

  1. 1 Jiangsu State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Industrial Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009
    2 Jiangsu Multi-Harvest Technology Research Co., LTD., Nanjing 210000
  • Received:2024-04-25 Revised:2024-08-24 Published:2024-11-25 Online:2024-11-23

摘要:

植物生长调节剂对水稻的生长发育与高产优质具有重要作用。为探明爱增多与金多收2种生长调节剂的施用对水稻产量与品质的影响,本研究以优质丰产水稻品种‘南粳5718’(苏审稻20210047,粳稻品种)和‘徽两优858’(皖稻2016023,籼稻品种)为试验品种,施用爱增多与金多收两种不同的植物生长调节剂,设置爱增多、金多收1、金多收2、空白对照4个处理,研究爱增多与金多收施用对水稻产量及其构成因素和稻米品质的影响,旨在阐明爱增多与金多收对水稻增产提质的效应。结果表明:施用爱增多促进水稻分蘖发生、颖花分化及灌浆结实,对粳稻增产效果明显;施用金多收1与金多收2对提高水稻有效穗数、籼稻稻穗分化和开花结实均有作用,施用金多收1对籼稻增产效果显著;‘徽两优858’在金多收1处理下的整精米率最高,‘南粳5718’4个处理下的整精米率之间均有显著差异;‘徽两优858’中最终黏度爱增多最高,金多收1的外观、口感与食味值均最高。‘南粳5718’中最终黏度金多收1最高,崩解值金多收2最高,消减值金多收2最低;爱增多的外观、黏度、平衡度、食味值均最高,硬度最低;直链淀粉含量表现为‘徽两优858’的空白最高,‘南粳5718’的金多收2最低。研究结果可为创新水稻优质丰产栽培技术、提高水稻生产效益提供理论参考。

关键词: 植物生长调节剂, 籼稻, 粳稻, 产量, 稻米品质

Abstract:

Plant growth regulators play a crucial role in the growth, development, high yield and high quality of rice. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two growth regulators, Aizengduo and Jinduoshou, on rice yield and quality. The experiment was conducted with two high-yielding and quality rice varieties, ‘Nanjing 5718’ (approved by Jiangsu Province as 20210047, a japonica rice variety) and ‘Huiliangyou 858’ (approved by Anhui Province as 2016023, an indica rice variety). Four treatments were set up, including Aizengduo, Jinduoshou 1, Jinduoshou 2 and a blank control. The study focused on the impact of Aizengduo and Jinduoshou on rice yield and its components, as well as rice quality, to clarify the effects of these regulators on enhancing rice yield and quality. The results showed that applying Aizengduo promoted tillering, spikelet differentiation, and grain filling, significantly increasing the yield of japonica rice. The application of Jinduoshou 1 and Jinduoshou 2 improved the number of effective panicles and spike differentiation and flowering in indica rice, with Jinduoshou 1 having a significant effect on increasing indica rice yield. For ‘Huiliangyou 858’, the head rice rate was highest under the Jinduoshou 1 treatment. Significant differences in head rice rate were observed among the four treatments for ‘Nanjing 5718’. In ‘Huiliangyou 858’, the final viscosity was highest with Aizengduo, and the appearance, palatability, and taste values were highest with Jinduoshou 1. For ‘Nanjing 5718’, the highest final viscosity was observed with Jinduoshou 1, the highest breakdown value with Jinduoshou 2, and the lowest setback value with Jinduoshou 2. Aizengduo treatment resulted in the highest scores for appearance, viscosity, balance, taste value, and the lowest hardness. The amylose content was highest in the blank control for ‘Huiliangyou 858’ and lowest in Jinduoshou 2 for ‘Nanjing 5718’. The study provides theoretical references for innovating high-yield and quality rice cultivation techniques and improving rice production efficiency.

Key words: plant growth regulator, indica rice, japonica rice, yield, rice quality