欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (34): 63-69.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0120

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

葱属植物长喙韭生活史及主要营养和功能成分分析

巴依牙·托列吾汗(), 王乐, 王玉菲, 郭彦, 林辰壹()   

  1. 新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-27 修回日期:2024-09-17 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2024-12-03
  • 通讯作者:
    林辰壹,女,1965年出生,新疆乌鲁木齐人,教授,主要从事新疆葱属种质资源评价与栽培生理研究。通信地址:830052 新疆乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区农大东路311号 新疆农业大学园艺学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    巴依牙·托列吾汗,女,1997年出生,新疆额敏人,硕士在读,研究方向:野生葱属植物的挖掘与评价研究。通信地址:830052 新疆乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区农大东路311号 新疆农业大学园艺学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“实葶葱的生物竞争和协同作用与新疆荒漠绿洲农业生态系统中的生物功能”(31760573); 自治区农业农村厅“自治区现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜项目”(XJARS-07); 新疆农业大学校级大学生创新项目“新疆野生长喙葱成分测定与优势分析”(dxscx2023130)

Life History of Allium saxatile and Analysis of Major Nutrients and Functional Components

BAYIYA Tuoliewuhan(), WANG Le, WANG Yufei, GUO Yan, LIN Chenyi()   

  1. College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
  • Received:2024-02-27 Revised:2024-09-17 Published:2024-12-05 Online:2024-12-03

摘要:

为有效保护、开发利用新疆野生葱属资源长喙韭,对其年生活史及主要营养和功能成分进行分析。迁地条件下观察长喙韭萌动到休眠的年生活史各时期的时间、温度和日照时长特点;与韭菜进行对比,分析全株主要营养成分和功能成分。研究表明,长喙韭年生活史从3月上旬开始、5—6月进入生殖生长,至11月上旬结束,期间具有二次生长和分蘖特征。长喙韭粗纤维含量和维生素C含量分别高于韭菜36.12%和47.00%;大蒜辣素含量高于韭菜48.13%;DPPH·清除能力、O2-·清除率、·OH清除率和Fe3+总还原能力均高于韭菜并且随着醇提液供试浓度的增加而升高。相关性及主成分分析表明,维生素C、粗纤维和总酚含量是长喙韭主要的营养和功能成分,抗氧化能力主要体现在对O2-·清除率和Fe3+总还原能力上,总酚含量与O2-·清除率和DPPH·清除能力呈极显著正相关(r=1)。长喙韭耐低温不耐高温,长日照条件下开花。长喙韭全株皆可食用,营养成分、功能成分与抗氧化能力有关。长喙韭是食药兼用的功能性蔬菜,具有极高的开发利用价值。

关键词: 长喙韭, 维生素C, 总酚, DPPH·清除能力, Fe3+总还原能力, 营养成分, 功能成分

Abstract:

To effectively protect and develop the Xinjiang wild Allium resource, Allium saxatile, its annual life history and main nutritional and functional components were analyzed. Under ex-situ conditions, the characteristics of the time, temperature, and sunlight duration during each period of A. saxatile annual life cycle from germination to dormancy were observed and compared with those of A. tuberosum. The main nutritional and functional components of the whole plant were analyzed. The study revealed that the annual life cycle of A. saxatile began in early March, entered reproductive growth in May-June, and ended in early November with features of secondary growth and tillering during this period. The crude fiber and vitamin C contents of A. saxatile were 36.12% and 47.00% higher than those of A. tuberosum respectively. Its allicin content was 48.13% higher than that of A. tuberosum. The DPPH· scavenging ability, O2-· scavenging rate, ·OH scavenging rate, and total Fe3+ reducing power of A. saxatile were all higher than those of A. tuberosum and increased with the increase of the test concentration of the ethanol extract. Correlation and principal component analysis indicated that vitamin C, crude fiber, and total phenol content were the main nutritional and functional components of A. saxatile. Its antioxidant capacity was mainly reflected in the O2-· scavenging rate and total Fe3+ reducing power. There was a highly significant positive correlation between total phenol content and both the O2-· scavenging rate and DPPH· scavenging ability (r=1). A. saxatile is tolerant to low temperatures but not high temperatures, blooms under long-day conditions. The whole plant of A. saxatile is edible, and its nutritional and functional components related to its antioxidant capacity. As a functional vegetable with both edible and medicinal value, A. saxatile has extremely high development and utilization potential.

Key words: Allium saxatile, vitamin C, total phenols, DPPH· scavenging capacity, total Fe3+ reducing capacity, nutritional components, functional components