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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (23): 102-108.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0593

所属专题: 生物技术 水产渔业

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同年龄段养殖长吻鮠肌肉的营养成分比较及评价

赵仲孟1(), 周剑1, 李强1, 魏震2, 柯红雨1, 赵瀚1, 段元亮1, 黄志鹏1, 吴鲤校3, 张露1()   

  1. 1四川省农业科学院水产研究所,成都 611730
    2四川省珍稀特有鱼类保护与利用中心,四川崇州 611200
    3邻水县农业农村局,四川广安 638500
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-21 修回日期:2022-11-01 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-08-10
  • 作者简介:

    赵仲孟,男,1994年出生,四川巴中人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向:鱼类遗传育种。通信地址:611730 四川省成都市高新西区西源大道1611号 四川省农业科学院水产研究所遗传育种研究中心,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    农业部“国家现代农业产业技术体系”(CARS-46); 四川省农业科学院“1+9揭榜挂帅水产(蚕)畜禽突破性品种科技攻关项目”(1+9KJGG004); 四川省科技厅“四川省科技计划项目”(2021YFYZ0015)

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritive Composition in Muscles of Cultured Leiocassis longirostris at Different Ages

ZHAO Zhongmeng1(), ZHOU Jian1, LI Qiang1, WEI Zhen2, KE Hongyu1, ZHAO Han1, DUAN Yuanliang1, HUANG Zhipeng1, WU Lixiao3, ZHANG Lu1()   

  1. 1Fisheries Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611730
    2The Sichuan Rare and Endemic Fish Conservation and Utilization Center, Chongzhou, Sichuan 611200
    3The Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Linshui County, Guang’an, Sichuan 638500
  • Received:2022-07-21 Revised:2022-11-01 Published:2023-08-15 Online:2023-08-10

摘要:

通过对人工养殖条件下不同年龄段长吻鮠肌肉的营养成分测定,分析评价了不同年龄段的营养品质差异。结果显示:(1)常规营养中粗脂肪含量随年龄呈递增趋势,而水分含量则相反,粗蛋白在2龄组中显著高于3龄组(P<0.05);(2)Ca和P等矿物元素随年龄呈递减趋势(P<0.05);(3)各年龄段均含16种氨基酸,必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸分别以赖氨酸和谷氨酸为主,蛋氨酸+胱氨酸为第一限制性氨基酸,2龄组的必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)最高;(4)不同年龄段肌肉中不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著高于饱和脂肪酸(P<0.05),其中2龄组中单不饱和脂肪酸含量显著最高,3龄组中多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著最高。不同年龄段长吻鮠肌肉矿物质、氨基酸和脂肪酸种类齐全,含量丰富,肉质鲜美,综合比较以2龄阶段营养最佳。

关键词: 长吻鮠, 不同年龄, 肌肉, 营养成分

Abstract:

In this experiment, different age stages of L. longirostris were used as the research object. By measuring their muscle nutrients, the differences in muscle nutrition of different age stages were compared, and their muscle quality characteristics were scientifically evaluated. The results showed that with the increase of age, the moisture content decreased, whereas the contents of crude fat increased. The crude protein content in the muscle of the 2-year-old L. longirostris was significantly higher than that of the 3-year-old (P<0.05). In addition, the contents of calcium and phosphorus in L. longirostris muscles decreased with fish growth. Lysine was the highest essential amino acid and glutamate was the highest flavorful amino acid in their muscles. In muscle quality analysis, according to the amino acid and chemistry score, the first limiting amino acids were Methionine and cysteine, the second limiting amino acids were valine in the muscle of the different age stages. The results of nutritional quality evaluation showed that the essential amino acid index was the highest at 2 -year-old group. The types and contents of fatty acids were different in different age groups, but the content of Saturated fatty acid was significantly lower than that of unsaturated fatty acids (P<0.05).The content of monounsaturated fatty acids in polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher in 2-year-old group, and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher in 3-year-old group. These results indicate that L. longirostris is a kind of high nutritional value, delicious, and high quality fish, and that L. longirostris in 2-year-old stage is the best, because of higher contents of crude protein and crude fat, better amino acid and fatty acid compositions in muscle.

Key words: Leiocassis longirostris, different ages, muscle, nutrient components