施用猪粪日光温室土壤抗生素风险及微生物群落特征——以河北永清县日光温室为例

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0443

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (35): 82-88.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0443

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

施用猪粪日光温室土壤抗生素风险及微生物群落特征——以河北永清县日光温室为例

赵云云¹(), 何芬¹, 尹义蕾¹, 潘守江¹, 简保权¹, 齐月², 朱丽梅¹()

¹ 农业农村部规划设计研究院设施农业研究所，北京 100125
² 中国环境科学研究院生态文明中心，北京 100012

收稿日期:2024-07-02 修回日期:2024-10-21 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-12
通讯作者:
朱丽梅，女，1991年出生，江西鹰潭人，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事环境保护和环境污染物处理方面的研究。通信地址：100125 北京市朝阳区麦子店街41号农业农村部规划设计研究院，Tel：010-59196953，E-mail：790372195@qq.com。
作者简介:
赵云云，女，1986年出生，湖北荆州人，高级工程师，博士，研究方向：农业环境污染与防治。通信地址：100125 北京市朝阳区麦子店街41号农业农村部规划设计研究院，Tel：010-59196930，E-mail：zhao2007shirley@163.com。
基金资助:
农业农村部规划设计研究院“青年新星”(QX202107); 农业农村部规划设计研究院设施养殖工艺与装备科技创新团队项目(CHXTY-2021-07)

Risk and Microbial Community Characteristics of Antibiotics in Soil of Solar Greenhouse with Pig Manure Application: A Case Study of Solar Greenhouse in Yongqing County, Hebei Province

ZHAO Yunyun¹(), HE Fen¹, YIN Yilei¹, PAN Shoujiang¹, JIAN Baoquan¹, QI Yue², ZHU Limei¹()

¹ Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, MARA, Beijing 100125
² Ecological Civilization Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012

Received:2024-07-02 Revised:2024-10-21 Published:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着设施种植业的迅速发展，畜禽粪污有机肥在设施种植中得到广泛应用，畜禽粪污是设施种植土壤中抗生素的主要来源之一。土壤中的抗生素可被农作物吸收，并通过食物链传递，最终威胁人类健康。以设施蔬菜种植大县河北省永清县施用猪粪有机肥的日光温室为研究对象，研究畜禽粪污有机肥抗生素残留对日光温室土壤抗生素生态风险和生物多样性的影响。通过测定猪粪、日光温室土壤中抗生素的种类及含量，采用风险商值法评价各种抗生素的生态风险；采用宏基因组方法测定微生物群落特征，探究抗生素残留对土壤微生物多样性的影响。结果表明：（1）猪粪和日光温室土壤样品中共检出7种典型兽用抗生素分别为磺胺二甲基嘧啶(SM2)、诺氟沙星(NOR)、环丙沙星(CIP)、恩诺沙星(ENR)、四环素(TC)、土霉素(OTC)、金霉素(CTC)。（2）猪粪中恩诺沙星和金霉素的浓度最大，风险商值(RQ)分别为28.26和1.23，均大于1.0，都存在生态高风险。施用猪粪日光温室土壤中恩诺沙星、土霉素和金霉素的浓度最大，RQ值均在0.1~1.0之间，均存在中等生态风险。（3）施用猪粪有机肥对于日光温室土壤中微生物群落结构具有一定影响，改变了微生物优势菌群的丰度排名，施用猪粪的土壤中相对丰度排名第四的优势菌门由奇古菌门变为绿弯菌门。研究显示，施用猪粪引起可产生抗生素的类诺卡氏菌属(Nocardioides)相对丰度增加，达到空白对照的2倍以上。

关键词: 日光温室, 抗生素, 猪粪, 土壤, 微生物群落特征, 畜禽粪污有机肥, 抗生素残留, 生态风险, 微生物多样性, 类诺卡氏菌属

Abstract:

In recent years, the facility planting industry has developed rapidly. Organic fertilizers derived from livestock and poultry manure have become widely used in facility planting. Animal manure is one of the primary sources of antibiotics in the soil of facility planting. These antibiotics can be absorbed by crops and transmitted through the food chain, ultimately posing a threat to human health. The study focused on the impact of antibiotic residues in pig manure organic fertilizer on the ecological risk and biodiversity of soil antibiotics in a solar greenhouse in Yongqing County, Hebei Province, a major vegetable planting county. By measuring the types and contents of antibiotics in pig manure and greenhouse soil, the ecological risk of various antibiotics was evaluated using the risk quotient method; the characteristics of the microbial community were determined using metagenomic methods, and the impact of antibiotic residues on soil microbial diversity was explored. The results showed that: (1) seven typical veterinary antibiotics were detected in pig manure and greenhouse soil samples, namely sulfamethoxazole (SM2), norfloxacin(NOR), Ciprofloxacin(CIP), Enrofloxacin(ENR), Tetracycline(TC), Oxytetracycline(OTC) and Chloramphenicol(CTC). (2) The concentrations of enrofloxacin and aureomycin in pig manure were the highest, with RQ values of 28.26 and 1.23, both greater than 1.0, indicating a high ecological risk. The highest concentrations of enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline were observed in the soil of the greenhouse where pig manure was used, with RQ values ranged from 0.1 to 1.0, indicating moderate ecological risks. (3) The application of pig manure organic fertilizer had a certain impact on the microbial community structure in greenhouse soil, changing the abundance ranking of dominant microbial communities. Specially, the fourth dominant bacterial phylum in the soil treated with pig manure had changed from Archaea to Chloroflexi. Research had shown that applying pig manure led to an increase in the relative abundance of Nocardioides, bacteria capable of producing antibiotics, which reached more than twice that of the control group.

Key words: solar greenhouse, antibiotics, pig manure, soil, microbial community characteristics, poultry and livestock manure organic fertilizers, antibiotic residues, ecological risk, microbial diversity, Nocardioides

赵云云, 何芬, 尹义蕾, 潘守江, 简保权, 齐月, 朱丽梅. 施用猪粪日光温室土壤抗生素风险及微生物群落特征——以河北永清县日光温室为例[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(35): 82-88.

ZHAO Yunyun, HE Fen, YIN Yilei, PAN Shoujiang, JIAN Baoquan, QI Yue, ZHU Limei. Risk and Microbial Community Characteristics of Antibiotics in Soil of Solar Greenhouse with Pig Manure Application: A Case Study of Solar Greenhouse in Yongqing County, Hebei Province[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(35): 82-88.

图/表 6

参考文献 33

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样品编号	有机质含量/%	重金属含量/(mg/kg)
样品编号	有机质含量/%	Cr	Cu	Zn	As	Cd	Pb
CK	5.19	4.65	2.76	5.35	1.51	0.18	13.65
Z1	7.35	2.35	3.54	8.70	0.48	0.19	8.70
Z2	6.90	2.50	3.02	6.35	0.64	0.15	10.22
Z3	7.95	2.10	2.65	7.77	0.45	0.22	11.58
平均值	7.40	2.32	3.07	7.61	0.52	0.19	10.17
ZF	20.45	38.59	10.45	43.42	2.27	0.23	4.49

样品编号	有机质含量/%	重金属含量/(mg/kg)
样品编号	有机质含量/%	Cr	Cu	Zn	As	Cd	Pb
CK	5.19	4.65	2.76	5.35	1.51	0.18	13.65
Z1	7.35	2.35	3.54	8.70	0.48	0.19	8.70
Z2	6.90	2.50	3.02	6.35	0.64	0.15	10.22
Z3	7.95	2.10	2.65	7.77	0.45	0.22	11.58
平均值	7.40	2.32	3.07	7.61	0.52	0.19	10.17
ZF	20.45	38.59	10.45	43.42	2.27	0.23	4.49

序号	简称	敏感物种	EC₅₀/(mg/L)	PENC_water/(μg/kg)	K_d/(L/Kg)	PENC_soil/(μg/kg)	文献来源
1	SM2	Green algae	19.520	19.520	16.550	323.056	[20]
2	NOR		22.000	22.000	1.349	29.678	[21]
3	CIP		1.100	1.100	419.000	460.900	[22]
4	ENR	Blue-green alage	0.049	0.049	260.000	12.740	[23]
5	TC	Blue-green alage	0.090	0.090	1093.000	98.370	[24]
6	OTC	Green algae	0.170	0.170	680.000	115.600	[25]
7	CTC	Inflated duckweed	0.219	0.219	1288.250	282.127	[26]

序号	简称	敏感物种	EC₅₀/(mg/L)	PENC_water/(μg/kg)	K_d/(L/Kg)	PENC_soil/(μg/kg)	文献来源
1	SM2	Green algae	19.520	19.520	16.550	323.056	[20]
2	NOR		22.000	22.000	1.349	29.678	[21]
3	CIP		1.100	1.100	419.000	460.900	[22]
4	ENR	Blue-green alage	0.049	0.049	260.000	12.740	[23]
5	TC	Blue-green alage	0.090	0.090	1093.000	98.370	[24]
6	OTC	Green algae	0.170	0.170	680.000	115.600	[25]
7	CTC	Inflated duckweed	0.219	0.219	1288.250	282.127	[26]

序号	抗生素名称	RQ
序号	抗生素名称	CK	Z1	Z2	Z3	ZF
1	SM2	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01
2	NOR	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.41
3	CIP	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.20
4	ENR	0.00	0.11	0.12	0.12	28.06
5	TC	0.00	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.46
6	OTC	0.01	0.11	0.09	0.08	0.19
7	CTC	0.01	0.06	0.07	0.13	1.23

施用猪粪日光温室土壤抗生素风险及微生物群落特征——以河北永清县日光温室为例

Risk and Microbial Community Characteristics of Antibiotics in Soil of Solar Greenhouse with Pig Manure Application: A Case Study of Solar Greenhouse in Yongqing County, Hebei Province

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序号	抗生素类别	抗生素简称	抗生素浓度/(μg/kg)
序号	抗生素类别	抗生素简称	CK	Z1	Z2	Z3	平均值	ZF
1	磺胺类	SDZ	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
2		SMZ	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
3		STZ	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
4		SMRZ	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
5		SM2	ND	1.26	0.53	0.41	0.73	4.28
6		SMM	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
7		SMX	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
8	喹诺酮类	NOR	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	12.03
9		CIP	ND	2.06	0.67	0.67	0.91	92.37
10		LFX	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
11		ENR	ND	1.34	1.58	1.59	1.50	357.48
12	四环素类	TC	ND	4.88	5.13	5.57	5.19	45.54
13		DC	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
14		OTC	1.56	13.24	10.48	8.83	10.85	22.37
15		CTC	2.33	16.60	19.71	35.34	23.88	348.02
16	大环内酯类	ETM	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
17		RTM	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
18		TYS	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND

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