AM真菌对连作土壤上作物生长影响的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0272

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

一直以来，生物防治是作物连作障碍防控的重要途径之一。AM真菌能够和多种作物形成共生关系，可以有效缓解作物连作对根际土壤、土壤微生物群落及植物生长的胁迫作用。为了更好的在实践应用中发挥AM真菌对连作障碍的改善作用，分别系统的总结了在连作条件下和接种AM真菌条件下，土壤理化性质和土壤微生物区系的变化以及两种条件下对植物生长的胁迫或缓解作用，在连作条件下土壤理化性质会有一定程度的恶化且伴随土壤微生物结构的失衡，连作造成对下茬作物的自毒作用，也严重抑制作物的正常生长，而AM真菌的应用能够有效地在以上几个方面起到缓解作用。同时根据目前AM真菌的研究现状，提出未来的研究重点并对其进行简要归纳，提出加强菌株的纯培养技术仍是关键的一步，并且做好作物基因型与AM真菌菌株的筛选，让二者有更优的兼容共生效果。

关键词: AM真菌, 连作障碍, 土壤理化性质, 土壤微生物, 植物生长

Abstract:

Biological control has been one of the most important ways to prevent and control continuous cropping obstacle. AM fungi can form a symbiotic relationship with a wide range of crops and can effectively mitigate the stressful effects of crop succession on inter-root soils, soil microbial communities and plant growth. In order to better utilize the ameliorative effect of AM fungi on the continuous cropping obstacle in practical applications, the changes in soil physicochemical properties and soil microbiota under conditions of continuous cropping and inoculation with AM fungi were systematically summarized, as well as the effects of stress or mitigation on plant growth under the two conditions. Soil physicochemical properties deteriorate to a certain extent under continuous cropping conditions and are accompanied by an imbalance in soil microbial structure, and continuous cropping causes autotoxic effects on the next crop and also severely inhibits normal crop growth. The application of AM fungi can effectively play a mitigating role in the above aspects. At the same time, according to the current research status of AM fungi, the future research focus was put forward and briefly summarized. It was proposed that strengthening the pure culture technology of strains was still a key step, and better screening of crop genotypes and AM fungal strains was necessary to achieve better compatibility and symbiosis effect between the two.

Key words: AM fungi, continuous crop barriers, soil physical and chemical properties, soil microorganisms, plant growth

陈睿, 崔泽远, 李志, 耿贵, 於丽华. AM真菌对连作土壤上作物生长影响的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(6): 1-8.

CHEN Rui, CUI Zeyuan, LI Zhi, GENG Gui, YU Lihua. The Effect of AM Fungi on Crop Growth in Continuous Cropping Soils: A Review[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(6): 1-8.

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