欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (21): 27-35.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0489

• 生物育种前沿共性技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

2017—2024年中国登记豌豆品种现状及分析

寸婕1(), 杨峰1, 于海天1, 胡朝芹1, 王玉宝1, 杨新1, 代正明1, 陈小江2, 李琼1, 郑爱清1, 夏秀芝1, 张玉荣3, 李艳兰3, 何玉华1()   

  1. 1 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，昆明 650205
    2 怒江州贡山县丙中洛镇农业综合服务中心，云南怒江 673502
    3 云南省玉溪市农业科学院，云南玉溪 653100
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-17 修回日期:2025-07-11 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-05
  • 通讯作者:
    何玉华，男，1978年出生，云南昆明人，研究员，硕士，主要从事食用豆类遗传育种与应用创新。通信地址：650205 云南省昆明市北京路2238号，云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，Tel：13888504741，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    寸婕，女，1997年出生，云南大理人，研究实习员，硕士，研究方向：食用豆类遗传育种与应用创新。通信地址：650205 云南省昆明市北京路2238号，云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所，Tel：15912596706，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省财政重大专项(530000210000000013809); 农业种业成果集成创新与转化示范(202305AR340003); 云南省重点研发项目(202302AE090011)

Current Situation and Analysis of Registered Pea Varieties in China from 2017 to 2024

CUN Jie1(), YANG Feng1, YU Haitian1, HU Chaoqin1, WANG Yubao1, YANG Xin1, DAI Zhengming1, CHEN Xiaojiang2, LI Qiong1, ZHENG Aiqing1, XIA Xiuzhi1, ZHANG Yurong3, LI Yanlan3, HE Yuhua1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Grain Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205
    2 Pingzongluo Town Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center, Gongshan County, Nujiang State, Nujiang, Yunnan 673502
    3 Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100
  • Received:2025-06-17 Revised:2025-07-11 Published:2025-07-25 Online:2025-08-05

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

10

摘要： 本研究基于种业大数据平台(http://202.127.42.145/bigdataNew)信息，对2017—2024年通过非主要农作物品种登记的489个豌豆品种的选育及性状数据进行分析，旨在为豌豆育种及生产提供参考。结果表明，登记品种来源覆盖25个省市自治区，云南、四川、甘肃排名前三，合计占比63.19%。企业独立登记占60.12%，科企合作仅0.82%；育种技术以杂交育种(57.46%)和系统选育(38.04%)为主导。农艺性状方面，豌豆平均株高108.3 cm，生育期106.1 d，荚长8.59 cm，荚宽1.57 cm，每荚粒数7.12个，百粒重25.60 g，其中大粒品种占56.27%。品质性状呈现显著分化，干粗蛋白含量20.27%，干粗淀粉含量35.29%，但蛋白质和高淀粉品种占比仅34.91%和19.68%。抗病性以中抗锈病(55.51%)和中抗白粉病(52.31%)为主，耐冷性中等水平为主(74.60%)。未来需以政策引导优化育种资源配置，加速现代生物技术与传统育种融合，构建产学研协同创新体系，强化地方种质资源挖掘利用，定向培育高产优质多抗专用型品种，推动豌豆产业向绿色化、高效化、多元化方向转型升级。

关键词: 豌豆, 品种登记, 现状分析, 育种方式, 农艺性状, 品质性状, 抗病性, 耐冷性

Abstract:

This study analyzed the relevant information information breeding and trait big data (http://202.127.42.145/bigdataNew) of 489 pea varieties registered through non major crop varieties from 2017 to 2024. The purpose is to provide reference for pea breeding and production. The results indicate that the sources include 25 provinces, with Yunnan, Sichuan, and Gansu ranking in the top three, accounting for a total of 63.19%. Independent registration of enterprises accounts for 60.12%, while scientific and technological cooperation accounts for only 0.82%. Breeding techniques are dominated by hybrid breeding (57.46%) and systematic selection (38.04%). The average plant height of peas is 108.3 cm, the growth period is 106.1 days, the pod length is 8.59 cm, the pod width is 1.57 cm, the number of seeds per pod is 7.12, the weight of 100 seeds is 25.60 g, and the proportion of large grain varieties is 56.27%. The quality traits showed significant differentiation, with a dry crude protein content of 20.27% and a dry crude starch content of 35.29%, but the proportion of high protein and high starch varieties was only 34.91% and 19.68%, respectively. The disease resistance is mainly moderate resistance to rust disease (55.51%) and moderate resistance to powdery mildew (52.31%). The cold tolerance is moderate, accounting for 74.60%. In the future, policy guidance is needed to optimize the allocation of breeding resources, accelerate the integration of modern biotechnology and traditional breeding, build a collaborative innovation system between industry, academia, and research, strengthen the exploration and utilization of local germplasm resources, cultivate high-yield, high-quality, and multi resistant specialized varieties, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the pea industry towards green, efficient, and diversified directions.

Key words: pea, variety registration, current status analysis, breeding methods, agronomic traits, quality traits, disease resistance, cold tolerance