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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (24): 45-50.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0686

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同药剂处理柱头对万寿菊×孔雀草远缘杂交结实率的影响

张华丽1(), 宋利娜1, 孙丽萍1, 崔荣峰1, 李子敬1, 赵世伟1, 何燕红2()   

  1. 1 北京市园林绿化科学研究院/绿化植物育种北京市重点实验室,北京 100102
    2 华中农业大学园艺林学学院/果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-14 修回日期:2025-04-10 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-05
  • 通讯作者:
    何燕红,女,1982年出生,江苏常州人,副教授,博士,主要从事园林植物遗传育种研究。通信地址:430070 湖北省武汉市洪山区狮子山街1号华中农业大学园艺林学学院,Tel:027-87282010,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张华丽,女,1978年出生,河南荥阳人,教授级高工,硕士,主要从事园林植物遗传育种及应用研究。通信地址:100102 北京市朝阳区花家地甲7号北京市园林绿化科学研究院,Tel:010-64738726,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    北京市科委项目“万寿菊产业化关键技术研发与集成示范”(Z161100001116091); 北京市科委项目“园艺体验技术产品研发与应用示范”(Z201100008020004)

Effect of Different Chemical Treatments on Seed Setting Rate of Distant Hybridization Between Tagetes erecta and Tagetes patula

ZHANG Huali1(), SONG Lina1, SUN Liping1, CUI Rongfeng1, LI Zijing1, ZHAO Shiwei1, HE Yanhong2()   

  1. 1 Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Greening Plants Breeding, Beijing 100102
    2 College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University/National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070
  • Received:2024-11-14 Revised:2025-04-10 Published:2025-08-25 Online:2025-09-05

摘要: 本研究旨在探究不同药剂处理对万寿菊×孔雀草远缘杂交结实率与杂交种子产量的影响。在万寿菊雄性不育母本授粉前,采用不同浓度的葡萄糖、氯化钠、硼酸和赤霉素喷施柱头,统计单个花序结实率,并分析其与温度、湿度等环境因子的相关性。结果表明,37.5 mg/L GA3处理(T10)的结实率最高(64.95%),虽略高于对照(59.97%),但差异不显著;3.0% NaCl处理(T5)的结实率显著最低(30.72%),且与其他处理存在显著差异,表明高浓度NaCl可能损伤柱头。结实率随授粉日期呈单峰变化趋势。相关性分析显示,结实率与日最高气温和平均气温呈中等负相关,但未达显著水平。

关键词: 万寿菊, 孔雀草, 远缘杂交, 雄性不育系, 结实率, 赤霉素

Abstract:

In order to improve the yield of hybrid seeds of Tagetes erecta and Tagetes patula per unit area, different concentrations of glucose, sodium chloride, boric acid, and gibberellin were sprayed on the stigma of male sterile marigold maternal plants before pollination. The seed setting rate of individual inflorescences under different treatments was statistically analyzed, and the correlation between the seed setting rate and environmental factors such as temperature and humidity were analyzed. The results showed that the application of T10 (37.5 mg/L GA3) resulted in the highest seed setting rate of single inflorescence, reaching 64.95%, slightly higher than that of control (59.97%); the treatment with the lowest seed setting rate was T5 (3.0% NaCl), which was 30.72%. Excessive NaCl concentration could damage the stigma of marigold inflorescence. There was significant difference between T5 and other treatments. Different pollination dates resulted in different seed setting rates, which exhibited a trend of 'low-high-low' depending on the pollination time. The correlation between seed setting rate and air temperature and humidity was analyzed, and it was found that the seed setting rate had medium-negative correlation with daily maximum and average temperatures, but did not reach a significant level.

Key words: Tagetes erecta, Tagetes patula, distant hybridization, male sterile line, seed setting rate, gibberellin