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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 44-52.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0224

所属专题： 生物技术

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

模拟干旱胁迫对甘蓝型油菜种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的研究

朱元杰1(), 塔娜1, 赵卫国1(), 张梦茹1, 李成军2, 贺茂昌3   

  1. 1 安康学院现代农业与生物科技学院，陕西安康 725000
    2 安康市农业技术推广中心，陕西安康 725000
    3 安康市汉滨区农业技术推广站，陕西安康 725000
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-29 修回日期:2024-06-15 出版日期:2025-02-25 发布日期:2025-02-24
  • 通讯作者:
    赵卫国，男，1980年出生，陕西西安人，副教授，博士，主要从事油菜品种选育研究。通信地址：725000 陕西省安康市汉滨区育才路92号安康学院，Tel：0915-3358006，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    朱元杰，男，2004年出生，陕西西安人，本科，研究方向：油菜栽培技术研究与应用。通信地址：725000 陕西省安康市汉滨区育才路92号安康学院，Tel：0915-3358006，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点研发计划项目“甘蓝型油菜抗倒伏宜机收种质资源创制及重要性状基因挖掘研究”(2024NC2-GJHX-03); 陕西高校青年创新团队项目“陕南油菜聚硒种质资源创新与利用创新团队”(2023AYTD01); 陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“干旱胁迫对甘蓝型油菜幼苗的生理特性的研究”(S202311397010); “大豆玉米带状复合种植3:2模式下对不同玉米产量和品质影响的研究”(S202311397040); “亚硒酸钠浸种对盐胁迫下油菜种子萌发的影响”(S202411397016); “甘蓝型油菜油蔬两用不同品系菜薹营养物质差异研究”(SS202411397042); 安康学院校级研究项目(2023AYKCYZ06); 安康学院高层次人才引进项目“油菜矮杆性状的遗传解析及基因挖掘”(2021AYQDZR12); 陕西省茶产业协同创新项目“茶树优异种质资源开发与新品系选育”(23JY001); “酵母硒的高效制备技术研发及在富硒茶栽培中的应用”(23JY003)

Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Physiological Characteristics of Brassica napus Under Simulated Drought Stress

ZHU Yuanjie1(), TA Na1, ZHAO Weiguo1(), ZHANG Mengru1, LI Chengjun2, HE Maochang3   

  1. 1 School of Modern Agriculture and Biotechnology, Ankang University, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000
    2 Ankang Agriculture Technology Technical Extension Center, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000
    3 Hanbin Agriculture Technology Technical Extension Center of Ankang, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000
  • Received:2024-03-29 Revised:2024-06-15 Published:2025-02-25 Online:2025-02-24

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摘要：

为探究不同干旱胁迫程度对甘蓝型油菜萌发特性、成苗率及生理指标的影响，以8个甘蓝型油菜品系为试验材料，用不同浓度的聚乙二醇6000(PEG-6000)进行模拟干旱胁迫处理，利用比色法、高锰酸钾滴定法和硫代巴比妥酸法分别测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果显示，随着干旱胁迫程度的增强，8个油菜品系发芽率和株高均下降，但‘G32-1’的发芽率在96%~98%之间，几乎没有受到影响。‘G763-2’的株高抑制程度最轻，为29.1%。‘G7-1’的SOD活性下降最为显著，下降幅度达23.59 U/kg；‘G32-1’的SOD活性总趋势高于‘G7-1’的SOD活性。‘青杂1号’的CAT活性较高(1.16~1.48 mg/g)，‘G371-2’CAT活性较低(0.88~1.30 mg/g)。‘G7-1’和‘G32-1’的MDA含量分别处于较低水平（0.55~0.83 μmol/g和0.47~1.14 μmol/g）。综合考虑，‘G32-1’的抗旱能力最强，可作为培养油菜抗旱性品种的重要种质资源。本研究旨在探究不同油菜品系的抗旱性，为油菜抗旱性品种选育提供优异种质。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 干旱胁迫, 发芽率, 株高, 超氧化物歧化酶, 过氧化氢酶, 丙二醛, 抗旱性

Abstract:

This study investigated the drought resistant of different lines of Brassica napus, which provided germplasm resources for the breeding of drought resistant rapeseed varieties. Eight different genetic background lines of Brassica napus were used as experimental materials to simulate drought stress treatment with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000). The SOD activity, CAT activity and MDA content were measured by colorimetric method, potassium permanganate titration method, and thiobarbituric acid method, respectively. The germination ratio and plant height of eight rapeseed lines both decreased with the increase of drought stress degree. However, the germination rate of ‘G32-1’ was between 96% and 98%, and it was almost unaffected. The plant height inhibition degree of‘G763-2’was the lightest (29.1%). The SOD activity of ‘G7-1’ showed the most significant decrease, with a decrease of 23.59 U/kg. Overall, the trend of SOD activity in ‘G32-1’ was higher than that in ‘G7-1’. The CAT activity of ‘Qingza No.1’ was relatively higher (1.16-1.48 mg/g), but the CAT activity of ‘G32-1’ was relatively lower (0.88-1.30 mg/g). The MDA content of ‘G7-1’ and ‘G32-1’ was at a relatively low level, which MDA content was 0.55-0.83 μmol/g and 0.47-1.14 μmol/g, respectively. In total, ‘G32-1’ had the strongest drought resistance and could be used as an excellent germplasm resource for cultivating drought resistant varieties of rapeseed.

Key words: Brassica napus, drought stress, germination ratio, plant height, SOD, CAT, MDA, drought resistance