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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 162-169.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0623

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

晚播情况下饲用燕麦在豫西地区的生产性能研究

王跃卿1(), 李丽峰1, 王洁琼1, 岳雨露1, 卢家顶1, 蔡海霞1, 杨智博2, 李德锋3   

  1. 1 洛阳市农林科学院， 河南洛阳 471023
    2 河南科技大学动物科技学院， 河南洛阳 471003
    3 河南农业大学动物科技学院， 郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-22 修回日期:2026-01-30 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-06-23
  • 作者简介:

    王跃卿，男，1972年生，副研究员，硕士，主要从事草畜结合方面的研究。通信地址：471023 河南省洛阳市洛龙区农科路1号 洛阳市农林科学院，Tel：0379-65512600，E-mail：。

Study on Production Performance of Forage Oats in Western Henan Under Late Sowing Condition

WANG Yueqing1(), LI Lifeng1, WANG Jieqiong1, YUE Yulu1, LU Jiading1, CAI Haixia1, YANG Zhibo2, LI Defeng3   

  1. 1 Luoyang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Luoyang, Henan 471023
    2 College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003
    3 College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046
  • Received:2025-07-22 Revised:2026-01-30 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-06-23

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摘要：

为深入探究晚播对饲用燕麦生产性能的影响，筛选出适宜在豫西地区晚播的优良品种，本研究选取了12个饲用燕麦品种，于11月下旬播种，通过随机区组设计，调查了各品种的物候期、基本苗数、分蘖数、株高、鲜草产量、干草产量、干鲜比以及叶茎比等关键指标。结果显示：各品种的生育期为180~196 d，其中‘青海444’生育期最短。出苗期平均为23 d，有10个品种在返青期出现了基本苗增多的现象，这被分析为低温导致的出苗不齐。返青期基本苗数量介于175.8万~296.7万株/hm2之间，‘特牧’品种表现最优。所有品种在越冬前未出现分蘖，返青期分蘖数在1.85~2.5个/株之间，‘甜燕3号’的分蘖能力最强。株高范围在135.0~164.5 cm，‘特牧’品种株高最高。叶茎比介于0.285~0.344，‘贝利’最高。干鲜比为0.238~0.301，‘特牧’最高。鲜草产量区间为38382.1~53216.2 kg/hm2，‘甜燕70’最高。干草产量为10683.4~13643.8 kg/hm2，‘特牧’最高。基于灰色关联度分析，‘甜燕70’、‘特牧’两个品种在综合性能评估中分别位列第1、第2。因此，本研究推荐‘甜燕70’、‘特牧’为适宜豫西地区的晚播品种，晚播时需适当加大播种量。

关键词: 饲用燕麦, 晚播, 生产性能, 豫西

Abstract:

In order to understand the effect of late sowing on the production performance of oats, and screen late sowing varieties suitable for western Henan, 12 oat varieties were selected and sown in late November, and randomized block design was used to investigate phenological period, basic seedlings, tillering, plant height, yield, dry-fresh ratio, leaf-stem ratio and other data. The results showed that the growth period was 180-196 d, with ‘Qinghai 444’ being the shortest. The average seedling emergence period was 23 days, 10 varieties showed an increase in basic seedlings at regreening stage, which was analyzed as uneven emergence caused by low temperature. At regreening stage, the basic seedlings were 1.758-2.967 million plants/hm2, with ‘Temu’ being the highest. There were no tillers before overwintering, and 1.85-2.5 tillers per plant at regreening stage, with ‘Tianyan No.3’ having the most tillers. The plant height was 135.0-164.5 cm, and ‘Temu’ was the highest. The leaf-stem ratio was 0.285-0.344, and ‘Beiley’ was the highest. The dry-fresh ratio was 0.238-0.301, with ‘Temu’ being the highest. The fresh grass yield was 38382.1-53216.2 kg/hm2, and ‘Tianyan 70’ was the highest. The hay yield was 10683.4-13643.8 kg/hm2, with ‘Temu’ being the highest. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that ‘Tianyan 70’ and ‘Temu’ ranked first and second respectively in the comprehensive performance evaluation. In production, it is recommended that ‘Tianyan 70’ and ‘Temu’ are suitable varieties for late sowing in western Henan, and the seeding rate should be increased when late sowing.

Key words: forage oats, late sowing, production performance, western Henan

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