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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 170-176.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0458

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于多元统计的烤烟叶石油醚提取物含量与质量关系的分析

王学瑛1(), 任四海2, 朱启法1, 薛琳1, 唐经祥2, 朱俊俊2, 汪升友2, 郭飞2, 徐经年2()   

  1. 1 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司, 安徽宣城 242000
    2 安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所, 合肥 230001
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-21 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-06-23
  • 通讯作者:
    徐经年,男,1974年出生,安徽庐江人,副研究员,学士,研究方向:烟草栽培生理生化、调制加工。通信地址:230001 安徽省合肥市庐阳区农科南路40号 安徽省农业科学院经济作物研究所,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    王学瑛,女,1990年出生,安徽宣城人,农艺师,硕士,研究方向:烟草栽培。通信地址:242000 安徽省宣城市宣州区鳌峰中路72号 安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    安徽省烟草专卖局(公司)科技项目“中棵烟高油分烟叶生产技术的引进与示范研究”(20230551010)

Analysis of Relationship Between Content of Petroleum Ether Extracts and Quality of Cured Tobacco Leaves Based on Multivariate Statistics

WANG Xueying1(), REN Sihai2, ZHU Qifa1, XUE Lin1, TANG Jingxiang2, ZHU Junjun2, WANG Shengyou2, GUO Fei2, XU Jingnian2()   

  1. 1 Anhui Wannan Leaf Tobacco Co. Ltd., Xuancheng, Anhui 242000
    2 Institute of Industrial Crop, Anhui Agriculture of Academy Sciences, Hefei 230001
  • Received:2025-06-21 Revised:2025-10-11 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-06-23

摘要:

当前烤烟质量评价体系缺少稳定、量化的中性表征指标,石油醚提取物(PEE)与烟叶香气、油分密切相关,但其作为质量评价指标的可行性尚不明确。为探究初烤烟叶石油醚提取物(PEE)含量与烟叶质量的关联规律,科学完善皖南烟区烤烟质量评价方法,本研究以宣城烟区2023、2024年度烤烟品种‘云烟97’中、上部初烤烟叶为试材,用多元统计方法分析其PEE含量与常规化学成分、外观及感官质量的关系。结果表明:中、上部初烤烟叶中PEE含量基本符合正态分布。中部叶PEE含量与全钾、总氮和烟碱的含量以及油分、色度和外观质量总分显著正相关(P˂0.01),与总糖和还原糖的含量及糖碱比显著负相关(P˂0.01);上部叶PEE含量与全钾、总氮和烟碱的含量以及色度和颜色显著正相关(P˂0.01),与油分、甜度、香气质和香气量显著正相关(P˂0.05),与总糖、还原糖和全磷的含量以及糖碱比、杂气及感官质量总分显著负相关(P˂0.01),与细腻度、刺激性和余味显著负相关(P˂0.05)。构建了R2及Adj.R2>0.500的回归模型:Y中,PEE=6.715+0.712X总氮+1.350X全钾-0.236X总糖Y中,PEE=-0.839+0.578X色度+0.395X油分Y上,PEE=3.105+1.562X总氮+0.506X烟碱-0.014X总糖Y上,PEE=1.124+0.833X色度+0.036X油分Y上,PEE=7.839+0.471X香气质-1.218X余味+0.385X甜度。综上所述,PEE与初烤烟叶质量的关系密切,PEE含量可作为评价皖南初烤烟叶质量的潜在指标,研究结果为区域烤烟质量精准评价、生产调控与工业分级使用提供了新依据与新方法,未来可进一步解析PEE关键组分与感官品质的耦合机制。

关键词: 初烤烟叶, 石油醚提取物, 常规化学成分, 外观质量, 感官质量, 多元统计分析

Abstract:

At present, the quality evaluation system of flue-cured tobacco lacks stable and quantitative neutral characterization indexes. Petroleum ether extract (PEE) is closely related to the aroma and oil content of tobacco leaves, but its feasibility as a quality evaluation index is not clear. To explore whether the content of PEE in the initial cured tobacco leaves can be used as an indicator for evaluating tobacco leaf quality, the middle and upper leaves of the tobacco variety ‘Yunyan 97’ from Xuancheng area in the years 2023 and 2024 were used as experimental materials, multivariate statistical methods were employed to analyze the correlation between PEE content and conventional chemical components, appearance and sensory quality. The results showed that the PEE content in middle and upper cured leaves generally followed a normal distribution. For middle leaves, significant positive correlations with PEE content were found for total potassium, total nitrogen, nicotine, oil, color intensity and appearance quality score(P˂0.01), while significant negative correlations were observed for total sugar content, reducing sugar content and sugar to nicotine ratio (P˂0.01). For upper leaves, significant positive correlations with PEE content were identified for the content of total potassium, total nitrogen, nicotine, and color intensity, color (P˂0.01), as well as for oil content, sweetness, aroma quality and aroma quantity (P<0.05), significant negative correlations were found for the content of total sugar, reduced sugar, total phosphorus and sugar to nicotine ratio, offensive odor, total sensory quality score (P˂0.01), as well as for smoothness, irritation and aftertaste (P˂0.05). Regression models with both R2 and adjusted R2>0.500 were established : Ymiddle, PEE=6.715+0.712Xtotal nitrogen+1.350Xtotal potassium-0.236Xtotal sugar, Ymiddle,PEE=-0.839+0.578Xcolor intensity+0.395Xoil; Yupper,PEE=3.105+1.562Xtotal nitrogen+0.506Xnicotine-0.014Xtotal sugar, Yupper,PEE=1.124+0.833Xcolor intensity+0.036Xoil, Yupper,PEE=7.839+0.471Xquality of aroma-1.218Xaftertaste+0.385Xsweetness. In conclusion, PEE is closely related to the quality of flue-cured leaves. PEE content can be used as a potential indicator for evaluating the quality of the flue-cured leaves in Southern Anhui. The research results provide a new basis and method for the accurate evaluation, production regulation and industrial grading of regional flue-cured tobacco quality. In the future, the coupling mechanism between key components of PEE and sensory quality can be further analyzed.

Key words: flue-cured leaves, petroleum ether extract (PEE), conventional chemical components, appearance quality, sensory quality, multivariate statistical analysis

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