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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (21): 88-94.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-1003

• 农学•农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同预处理对甜菜种子萌发的影响

孙梦媛1(), 张必周1, 张辉1, 陈学亮1, 朱志峰2, 杜懿思2, 刘芳3, 郑文哲1()   

  1. 1 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院特色作物研究所, 呼和浩特 010031
    2 中国种子集团有限公司, 北京 100069
    3 呼和浩特市农牧局, 呼和浩特 010110
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-21 修回日期:2026-03-20 出版日期:2026-11-10 发布日期:2026-11-10
  • 通讯作者:
    郑文哲,男,1967年出生,吉林延吉人,副研究员,学士,研究方向:甜菜良种繁育与加工研究。通信地址:010031 内蒙古呼和浩特市玉泉区内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,Tel:0471-5295455,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    孙梦媛,女,1992年出生,河南洛阳人,助理研究员,博士,研究方向:甜菜良种繁育与加工研究。通信地址:010031 内蒙古呼和浩特市玉泉区内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,Tel:0471-5295455,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    科研保障经费项目“多组学联合探究外源激素调控干旱胁迫下甜菜种子萌发出苗的机制”(2025CXJJN02); 国家糖料产业技术体系“甜菜种子丸粒化包衣及加工岗位”(CARS-17-0114); 内蒙古自治区科学基金项目“基于RNA-Seq技术挖掘甜菜丛根病抗性基因研究”(2022QN03025)

Effects of Different Pretreatments on Seed Germination of Sugar Beet

SUN Mengyuan1(), ZHANG Bizhou1, ZHANG Hui1, CHEN Xueliang1, ZHU Zhifeng2, DU Yisi2, LIU Fang3, ZHENG Wenzhe1()   

  1. 1 Special Crops Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031
    2 China Seed Group Co, . Ltd, . Beijing 100069
    3 Hohhot Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Hohhot 010110
  • Received:2025-12-21 Revised:2026-03-20 Published:2026-11-10 Online:2026-11-10

摘要:

为探究不同预处理对甜菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,筛选合理的播前预处理方法,本研究以甜菜单胚品种‘NT39106’为试验材料,采用H2O、1% NaClO、5% H2O2、3 g/L福美双、1 g/L 种子活化剂(YJ)五种处理对甜菜种子进行清洗预处理,测定种子电导率、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和幼苗生长等指标。结果表明,与对照(CK)相比,所有预处理均显著降低了种子浸出液电导率(P<0.05),降幅为67.82%~69.08%,但多数处理间差异不显著。各预处理发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数分别较CK显著提高了21.67~27.78个百分点、6.11~8.44个百分点、20.12%~28.95%和16.42%~30.69%(P<0.05),其中,1 g/L YJ处理促进萌发效果最佳,上述四项指标分别达到83.44%、93.00%、34.37和192.11,5% H2O2处理的效果次之。在幼苗生长方面,仅1 g/L YJ和5% H2O2处理的平均芽长(5.59 cm和5.61 cm)和幼苗鲜重(0.400 g和0.391 g)高于CK,但差异不显著(P>0.05),其余处理对幼苗生长无明显促进作用。综上所述,1g/L YJ和5% H2O2预处理能有效促进甜菜种子萌发,并对幼苗生长有一定改善作用,可作为甜菜种子预处理的优选方案。

关键词: 甜菜, 种子预处理, 次氯酸钠, 过氧化氢, 福美双, 种子活化剂, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of different pretreatments on seed germination and seedling growth of sugar beet, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for selecting a reasonable pre-sowing pretreatment method. The sugar beet monogerm cultivar ‘NT39106’ was used as the test material, and seeds were pretreated by washing with five solutions: H2O, 1%NaClO, 5%H2O2, 3 g/L thiram, and 1 g/L seed activator (YJ). Seed electrical conductivity, germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and seedling growth indicators were measured. The results showed that compared with CK, all pretreatments significantly reduced electrical conductivity by 67.82%-69.08% (P<0.05), although no significant differences were observed among most treatments. Specifically, all pretreatments significantly increased germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of seeds by 21.67-27.78 percentage points, 6.11-8.44 percentage points, 20.12%-28.95%, and 16.42%-30.69% (P<0.05), respectively, relative to CK. Among them, the 1 g/L YJ treatment demonstrated the most pronounced effect, with the above four indicators reaching 83.44%, 93.00%, 34.37, and 192.11, respectively, followed by 5% H2O2 treatment. Regarding seedling growth, only the 1 g/L YJ and 5% H2O2 treatments exhibited higher average bud length (5.59 cm and 5.61 cm, respectively) and seedling fresh weight (0.400 g and 0.391 g, respectively) than CK, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05); other treatments did not promote seedling growth. In conclusion, pretreatment with 1 g/L YJ and 5% H2O2 can effectively promote sugar beet seed germination and exert a beneficial influence on seedling growth, suggesting that these two pretreatments are recommended as suitable options for sugar beet seeds.

Key words: sugar beet, seed pretreatment, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, thiram, seed activator, seed germination, seedling growth

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