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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16): 37-45.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0428

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同功能性肥料对棉花种子萌发特性的影响

朱晓江1,2(), 扁青永2, 付彦博2,3, 孟阿静2, 王治国2, 饶晓娟4, 阚德兴1, 吴晨1, 吴洋5, 李宁1()   

  1. 1 新疆农业大学资源与环境学院， 乌鲁木齐 830052
    2 新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所， 乌鲁木齐 830091
    3 农业农村部土壤质量阿克苏野外科学观测研究站/阿克苏棕漠土土壤质量新疆野外科学观测研究站， 新疆阿克苏 843000
    4 新疆农业职业技术大学， 新疆昌吉 831100
    5 巴楚县农业技术推广中心， 新疆巴楚 843800
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-25 修回日期:2026-06-30 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
  • 通讯作者:
    李宁，男，1977年出生，山东莱芜人，教授，博士，主要从事土壤学研究。通信地址：830052 新疆维吾尔自治区沙依巴克区八一街道农大东路 新疆农业大学资源与环境学院，Tel：0991-8763041，E-mail: 。
  • 作者简介:

    朱晓江，男，1998年出生，河南安阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向：土壤改良研究。通信地址：830052 新疆维吾尔自治区沙依巴克区八一街道农大东路 新疆农业大学资源与环境学院，Tel：0991-4514405，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    自治区科技厅自治区重大科技专项“叶尔羌河流域水盐调控与盐碱障碍消减产能提升技术模式与应用”(2023A02012)

Effects of Different Functional Fertilizers on Cotton Seed Germination Characteristics

ZHU Xiaojiang1,2(), BIAN Qingyong2, FU Yanbo2,3, MENG Ajing2, WANG Zhiguo2, RAO Xiaojuan4, KAN Dexing1, WU Chen1, WU Yang5, LI Ning1()   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
    2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091
    3 Akesu Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Soil Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Xinjiang Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Akesu Brown Desert Soil Quality, Akesu, Xinjiang 843000
    4 Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational and Technical University, Changji 831100
    5 Bachu County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Bachu, Xinjiang 843800
  • Received:2026-05-25 Revised:2026-06-30 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-08-20

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摘要：

为探究在不同功能性肥料浸种对棉花种子萌发及抗盐碱能力的影响，筛选出适宜新疆盐碱地棉花种植的最佳功能肥料，设置2种浓度(0、50 mmol/L Na2SO4)的盐分胁迫，处理组为4种功能性肥料（肽氨基酸、黄腐酸、聚谷氨酸、海藻寡糖）和7种复配方案及对照组CK，测定发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、鲜重、干重、下胚轴长和根长等7个性状指标，结合相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数法，对棉花耐盐性进行综合评价。结果表明：（1）与无盐各处理相比，低盐各处理下的平均发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数分别提高了58.87%、45.48%、43.08%；但低盐处理下各处理降低了鲜重、胚轴、根长指标，分别为39.00%、57.22%、42.14%。（2）与CK相比，T9处理下的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数差异显著(P<0.05)，分别提高了94.43%、76.66%、84.75%；而T7处理下的鲜重、胚轴、根长显著高于CK(P<0.05)，分别提高了5.58%、21.56%、4.46%。与SK相比，ST8处理下的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数分别提高了41.95%、27.27%、29.09%；而ST11处理下的鲜重、胚轴和根长显著高于SK处理(P<0.05)，分别提高了6.99%、42.74%和108.00%。（3）相关性分析表明，发芽率是评价萌发耐盐碱能力的重要指标；主成分分析将7个指标转化为3个独立综合指标，累积贡献率为81.668%。根据耐盐性综合评价（D值）结果，对无盐和低盐各处理进行排序，筛选出对萌发期耐盐性最好的功能性肥料分别为T9和ST9。综上，T9处理的黄腐酸+聚谷氨酸+海藻寡糖复配方案为最佳。

关键词: 功能性肥料, 低盐, 种子萌发, 棉花, 耐盐性评价

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different functional fertilizers applied as seed soaking on cotton seed germination and salt-alkali tolerance, and to identify the optimal functional fertilizer for cotton cultivation in saline-alkali soils of Xinjiang. Two salt concentrations (0 and 50 mmol/L Na2SO4) were established, and four types of functional fertilizers, including peptide amino acids, fulvic acid, poly-γ-glutamic acid, and alginate oligosaccharides, along with seven combined formulations and a control group (CK), were tested. Seven traits, including germination potential, germination rate, germination index, fresh weight, dry weight, hypocotyl length, and root length, were measured. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and the membership function method were employed for comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance. The results showed that: (1) compared with the non-salt treatments, the low-salt treatments increased average germination potential, germination rate, and germination index by 58.87%, 45.48%, and 43.08%, respectively. However, under low-salt conditions, fresh weight, hypocotyl length, and root length decreased by 39.00%, 57.22%, and 42.14%, respectively. (2) Compared with CK under non-salt conditions, treatment T9 (the combination of fulvic acid, poly-γ-glutamic acid, and alginate oligosaccharides) significantly increased germination potential, germination rate, and germination index (P<0.05), by 94.43%, 76.66%, and 84.75%, respectively. Treatment T7 significantly increased fresh weight, hypocotyl length, and root length (P<0.05), by 5.58%, 21.56%, and 4.46%, respectively, compared with CK. Under low-salt conditions, treatment ST8 significantly increased germination potential, germination rate, and germination index compared with SK (salt-stressed control), by 41.95%, 27.27%, and 29.09%, respectively. Treatment ST11 significantly increased fresh weight, hypocotyl length, and root length (P<0.05), by 6.99%, 42.74%, and 108.00%, respectively, compared with SK. (3) Correlation analysis indicated that germination rate was an important indicator for evaluating salt-alkali tolerance during germination. PCA transformed the seven traits into three independent comprehensive components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 81.668%. Based on the comprehensive salt-tolerance evaluation (D values), the treatments with the best salt tolerance during germination under non-salt and low-salt conditions were T9 and ST9, respectively. In conclusion, treatment T9, the combined formulation of fulvic acid, poly-γ-glutamic acid, and alginate oligosaccharides, was identified as the optimal formulation.

Key words: functional fertilizers, salt stress, seed germination, cotton, salt tolerance evaluation

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