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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 126-132.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0724

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

赖草的耐旱性研究及其在生态修复中的应用

杜星瑶1(), 郭慧婷1, 罗明洋1, 张宏霞2, 张彦斌2, 董一鸣3, 刘中坚3, 田福平1()   

  1. 1 兰州大学生态学院/草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室, 兰州 730000
    2 天水市秦州区林业和草原局, 甘肃天水 741002
    3 兰州大学生命科学学院, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-31 修回日期:2025-12-01 出版日期:2026-02-27 发布日期:2026-02-27
  • 通讯作者:
    田福平,男,1976年出生,甘肃武山人,研究员,博士,主要从事草种质资源与育种。通信地址:730030 甘肃省兰州市城关区渭源路街道天水南路222号 兰州大学城关校区,Tel:0931-7918571,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    杜星瑶,女,2002年出生,山东淄博人,在读硕士,研究方向:牧草分子育种与植物生态学。通信地址:730030 甘肃省兰州市城关区渭源路街道天水南路222号 兰州大学城关校区,Tel:0931-8915360,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技重大专项“耐盐碱生态草(含灌木)生物机理和应用示范”(24ZDNA002); 兰州大学“双一流”建设科研启动费“生态草种质资源创制及新品种培育”(561120227); 中广核新能源典型区域沙漠治理技术研究与验证项目“中广核新能源极干旱区‘光伏治沙’技术与商业模式研究-节水模式、植被恢复及智能决策系统采购项目”(020-GN-B-2024-C45-P.O.99-00807); 兰州大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目“张掖地区草种质资源适应性评价”(090117TK); 天水市秦州区科技重大专项计划项目“天水市生态修复草种质资源收集试验及评价”(2023-NCKJG-5000)

Research on Drought Resistance of Leymus secalinus and Its Application in Ecological Restoration

DU Xingyao1(), GUO Huiting1, LUO Mingyang1, ZHANG Hongxia2, ZHANG Yanbin2, DONG Yiming3, LIU Zhongjian3, TIAN Fuping1()   

  1. 1 College of Ecology, Lanzhou University/State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou 730000
    2 Qinzhou Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Tianshui, Gansu 741002
    3 School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000
  • Received:2025-08-31 Revised:2025-12-01 Published:2026-02-27 Online:2026-02-27

摘要:

为给赖草的实践应用和新品种培育提供科学参考,综述了赖草的耐旱性研究及其在生态修复中的应用。采用文献查阅,并结合对典型干旱区(如毛乌素沙地、三江源高寒草地等)生态修复工程中赖草应用案例的分析,以及相关专利成果的解读,从生理的适应性变化与组织结构的形态调整2个层面阐释赖草的抗旱机理。研究认为,赖草对极端生态环境具有高度适应性,能够在沙地、黑土滩等恶劣环境下有效提高植被盖度10%以上,并显著改善土壤理化性质,如增加土壤含水量和有机质含量,从而达到改善生态环境的效果;其根茎在固土保水、养分循环等方面亦具有重要作用。然而,目前赖草的低结实率严重限制了其在生态治理中的大规模应用。未来育种方向应侧重于结合分子标记辅助选择等现代育种技术,选育种子结实率高、遗传性状一致且产量稳定的新品种,同时培育有性繁殖能力强的赖草新品系,以推动其在生态治理的规模化应用,为沙漠治理、盐碱地恢复、退化生态修复及极端环境下的植被恢复提供种子实物保障和科技支撑。

关键词: 赖草, 生态修复, 耐旱性, 沙地, 黑土滩

Abstract:

This study reviewed the research on the drought resistance of Leymus secalinus and its application in ecological restoration, aiming to provide a scientific reference for the practical application and new variety breeding of L. secalinus. A combination of literature review and case analysis of ecological restoration practices was used in this study to elucidate the drought resistance mechanisms of L. secalinus from two aspects: physiological adaptive changes and morphological adjustments in tissue structure. It also comprehensively analyzed the unique advantages of L. secalinus in the field of ecological restoration by integrating its application techniques and patent achievements in vegetation recovery in sandy lands, slopes, degraded black soil meadows, and alpine grasslands. The results showed that L. secalinus had a high adaptability to ecological environments and could significantly increase vegetation cover under extreme conditions, thereby improving the ecological environment. Its rhizomes also played an important role in ecological restoration. However, the low seed-setting rate of L. secalinus currently severely restricts its large-scale application in ecological governance. Future efforts should focus on breeding L. secalinus to develop new varieties with high seed-setting rates, consistent traits, and stable yields. At the same time, new varieties with strong sexual reproduction capabilities should be cultivated to promote the large-scale application of L. secalinus in ecological restoration. This will provide a physical seed supply and technological support for desert control, saline-alkali land restoration, degraded ecosystem repair, and vegetation recovery in extreme environments.

Key words: Leymus secalinus, ecological restoration, drought resistance, sandy land, black soil meadows