巴丹吉林沙漠南缘沙地与盐碱地芦苇根际土壤真菌多样性研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0089

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (23): 45-54.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0089

所属专题：资源与环境；农业生态

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇下一篇

巴丹吉林沙漠南缘沙地与盐碱地芦苇根际土壤真菌多样性研究

熊建州¹^,²(), 齐雅柯¹^,², 李朝周¹^,²(), 焦健³

¹甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院，兰州 730070
²甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学，兰州 730070
³甘肃农业大学林学院，兰州 730070

收稿日期:2023-01-21 修回日期:2023-03-18 出版日期:2023-08-10 发布日期:2023-08-10
作者简介:
熊建州，男，1997年出生，湖北黄冈人，硕士研究生，研究方向：植物生态生理。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区银滩路口北滨河西路营门村1号甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院，E-mail：xjzhou97@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然基金项目“河西走廊绿洲边缘芦苇种群扩张过程及适应策略研究”(41967057); 甘肃省教育厅产业支撑项目(04121135)

Diversity of Fungi in the Rhizosphere Soil of Phragmites australis in the Sandy Land and Saline-alkali Land at the Southern Margin of the Badain Jaran Desert

XIONG Jianzhou¹^,²(), QI Yake¹^,², LI Chaozhou¹^,²(), JIAO Jian³

¹College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
²Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop Science/Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
³College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070

Received:2023-01-21 Revised:2023-03-18 Published:2023-08-10 Online:2023-08-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对巴丹吉林沙漠南缘沙地与盐碱地芦苇根际土壤真菌多样性及其影响因素进行了研究，在甘肃省张掖市临泽县沙漠边缘选用典型的沙地和盐碱地，采集4种样地土壤（分别为盐碱地芦苇根际土壤，记作YL；盐碱地裸地土壤，记作YD；沙地芦苇根际土壤，记为SL；沙地裸地土壤，记作SD）作为试验材料，运用高通量测序技术测定并分析各样地土壤真菌的多样性及其影响因素。结果表明：沙地土壤真菌群落物种丰度明显高于盐碱地；子囊菌门、担子菌门为所有样地共有优势菌门，其中子囊菌门为绝对优势菌门，担子菌门为亚优势菌门，毛囊菌门为盐碱地第三优势菌门，油壶菌门仅存在于YL，为其第四优势菌门；真菌群落物种多样性表现为YL>YD>SL>SD；真菌群落均匀度表现为YL>YD>SD>SL，说明YL真菌物种更为均衡，SL真菌优势物种占比更高。整体上看，各样地真菌群落组成高度特化，优势菌群差异明显。各样地土壤含水量为YL>YD>SL>SD，土壤速效磷含量、电导率为YD>YL>SD>SL；土壤肥力相关酶活性为YD>YL>SL>SD。典型相关分析(CCA)表明土壤营养因子、土壤肥力相关酶活性与土壤微生物丰度关系密切，其中土壤碱解氮含量和pH对真菌群落影响最为显著。芦苇根际分布能有效改善盐碱地及沙地土壤理化性质和微生物群落结构。

关键词: 芦苇, 盐碱地, 沙地

Abstract:

The fungal diversity and its relevant influencing factors of reed rhizosphere soil in sandy land and saline-alkali land at the southern margin of Badain Jaran Desert were studied. Typical sandy land and saline-alkali land were selected at the edge of desert in Linze County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province, and the soils from four quadrates were collected (reed rhizosphere soils in saline-alkali land noted as YL, bare area soil in saline-alkali land noted as YD, reed rhizosphere soils in sandy land noted as SL and bare area soil in sandy land noted as SD) as experimental materials, determination and analysis of the soil fungal diversity in various plots was carried out by using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the fungal abundance of the soils in sandy lands was significantly higher than that in saline-alkali lands. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla in common in the soils of all quadrates, among which Ascomycota was the first dominant phylum, Basidiomycota was the second, and Hair follicle was the third dominant phylum, while Olpidiomycota existed only in YL, which was the fourth dominant bacterial phylum. The species diversity of fungal community was YL>YD>SL>SD; the order of fungal community uniformity was YL>YD>SD>SL, indicating that fungal species were the most balanced in YL, and fungi dominant species had the highest proportion in all fungi in SL. The composition of fungal communities in each soil of the quadrates was highly specialized, and the dominant flora differed significantly in different quadrates; Relevant analysis also showed that the soil water content was YL>YD>SL>SD, soil available phosphorus content and electrical conductivity were YD>YL>SD>SL; canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed that nutrient factors and soil enzyme activities were related to soil microbial abundance significantly, and soil alkaline-hydrolyzed nitrogen content and pH value had the most significant effects on fungal communities. The inter-root distribution of reed can effectively improve the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of saline and sandy soils.

Key words: Phragmites australis, saline-alkali land, sandy land

熊建州, 齐雅柯, 李朝周, 焦健. 巴丹吉林沙漠南缘沙地与盐碱地芦苇根际土壤真菌多样性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(23): 45-54.

XIONG Jianzhou, QI Yake, LI Chaozhou, JIAO Jian. Diversity of Fungi in the Rhizosphere Soil of Phragmites australis in the Sandy Land and Saline-alkali Land at the Southern Margin of the Badain Jaran Desert[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(23): 45-54.

图/表 10

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不同样地	土壤含水率/%	电导率/(μS/cm)	pH	有机质含量/(g/kg)	碱解氮含量/(mg/kg)	速效磷含量/(mg/kg)
YL	19.97±0.59a	2326.67±30.55b	7.51±0.03c	9.50±0.21b	15.40±1.40c	2.03±0.25c
YD	19.28±0.12b	2513.33±25.17a	7.32±0.01d	14.50±0.58a	9.80±0.70c	3.13±0.30b
SL	0.53±0.02c	157.07±8.66c	8.00±0.04b	1.56±0.04c	62.77±1.76b	0.24±0.03d
SD	0.43±0.01c	170.4±2.26c	8.51±0.01a	0.80±0.04d	79.57±7.01a	5.31±0.95a

不同样地	土壤含水率/%	电导率/(μS/cm)	pH	有机质含量/(g/kg)	碱解氮含量/(mg/kg)	速效磷含量/(mg/kg)
YL	19.97±0.59a	2326.67±30.55b	7.51±0.03c	9.50±0.21b	15.40±1.40c	2.03±0.25c
YD	19.28±0.12b	2513.33±25.17a	7.32±0.01d	14.50±0.58a	9.80±0.70c	3.13±0.30b
SL	0.53±0.02c	157.07±8.66c	8.00±0.04b	1.56±0.04c	62.77±1.76b	0.24±0.03d
SD	0.43±0.01c	170.4±2.26c	8.51±0.01a	0.80±0.04d	79.57±7.01a	5.31±0.95a

不同样地	脲酶活性[mg/(d·g)]	蔗糖酶活性[mg/(d·g)]	过氧化氢酶活性/[mL/(h·g)]	碱性磷酸酶活性[mg/(d·g)]
YL	2.16±0.061b	0.24±0.007b	0.08±0.002b	8.34±0.138b
YD	3.91±0.135a	1.05±0.015a	0.11±0.006a	17.00±0.385a
SL	0.09±0.025c	0.09±0.009c	0.04±0.002c	0.95±0.041c
SD	0.03±0.002c	0.12±0.005c	0.03±0.008c	0.20±0.030d

不同样地	脲酶活性[mg/(d·g)]	蔗糖酶活性[mg/(d·g)]	过氧化氢酶活性/[mL/(h·g)]	碱性磷酸酶活性[mg/(d·g)]
YL	2.16±0.061b	0.24±0.007b	0.08±0.002b	8.34±0.138b
YD	3.91±0.135a	1.05±0.015a	0.11±0.006a	17.00±0.385a
SL	0.09±0.025c	0.09±0.009c	0.04±0.002c	0.95±0.041c
SD	0.03±0.002c	0.12±0.005c	0.03±0.008c	0.20±0.030d

土壤类型	Chao1指数	Observed species指数	Shannon指数	Simpson指数	覆盖率/%
YL	228.24±93.02a	220.77±89.11a	5.34±1.33a	0.92±0.07a	99.83±0.08
YD	171.67±70.58a	165.87±65.70a	4.49±0.48a	0.86±0.07a	99.85±0.13
SL	19.00±3.61b	19.00±3.61b	2.19±0.46b	0.69±0.09a	100±0.00
SD	19.3±17.45b	19.30±17.45b	2.28±1.58b	0.64±0.25a	100±0.03

巴丹吉林沙漠南缘沙地与盐碱地芦苇根际土壤真菌多样性研究

Diversity of Fungi in the Rhizosphere Soil of Phragmites australis in the Sandy Land and Saline-alkali Land at the Southern Margin of the Badain Jaran Desert

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