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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 204-209.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0414

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

北方气候下‘翠碧一号’片烟最佳醇化周期研究

刘怡鸣1(), 邹宗庆2, 徐志强3, 王启业1, 陈享灯2, 郝贤伟3, 吴小萍2, 孟霖1()   

  1. 1 中国农业科学院烟草研究所， 山东青岛 266101
    2 福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司， 福建龙岩 364000
    3 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司， 杭州 315504
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-28 修回日期:2026-01-15 出版日期:2026-02-27 发布日期:2026-02-27
  • 通讯作者:
    孟霖，男，1987年出生，湖北襄阳人，副研究员，博士，研究方向：烟草调制加工机理与技术。通信地址：266101 山东青岛崂山区科苑经4路11号 中国农业科学院烟草研究所，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘怡鸣，男，2001年出生，河南周口人，在读硕士，研究方向：烟草调制加工。通信地址：266101 山东青岛崂山区科苑经4路11号 中国农业科学院烟草研究所，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目“烟草智慧农业”(ASTIP-TRIC03)

Study on Optimal Aging Period of Tobacco Lamina ‘CB-1’ Under Northern Climatic Conditions

LIU Yiming1(), ZOU Zongqing2, XU Zhiqiang3, WANG Qiye1, CHEN Xiangdeng2, HAO Xianwei3, WU Xiaoping2, MENG Lin1()   

  1. 1 Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101
    2 Longyan Branch of Fujian Provincial Tobacco Corporation, Longyan, Fujian 364000
    3 China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 315504
  • Received:2025-05-28 Revised:2026-01-15 Published:2026-02-27 Online:2026-02-27

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摘要：

特色烤烟品种‘翠碧一号’片烟在北方气候下醇化周期不明确，影响卷烟工业原料适配性。为探究其最佳醇化周期，以福建龙岩‘翠碧一号’中部(C3F)、上部(B2F)复烤片烟为材料，在山东中烟醇化库进行24个月自然醇化，定期测定外观质量、主要化学成分及感官评吸质量，结合聚类分析开展综合评价。结果表明：（1）随着醇化推进，2个部位烟叶颜色均逐渐加深、油分减少、色度增强，中部叶总糖、还原糖含量均在醇化12个月时达到峰值，分别较醇化前升高0.74、0.81个百分点，总氮、烟碱含量在醇化期间始终处于下降趋势。上部叶还原糖、烟碱、总氮在醇化期间呈下降趋势。（2）中部叶浓度、香气质、香气量、甜度、感官质量总分在醇化12个月达到峰值，分别较醇化前提高0.2、0.8、0.5、0.9、6.25分。上部叶感官质量总分峰值为醇化18个月，较醇化前提高5.50分。（3）聚类分析显示，醇化12、18个月的中部叶聚为一类，醇化18个月的上部叶与醇化12、24个月上部叶聚为一类。综上，‘翠碧一号’中部叶最佳醇化期为12个月（18个月为备选），上部叶为18个月（12、24个月为备选）。未来可结合温湿度调控、微生物群落变化及致香物质代谢规律，深化北方气候下烟草醇化机制研究，为原料精准管控提供支撑。

关键词: ‘翠碧一号’, 醇化周期, 片烟, 北方气候, 外观质量, 内在质量, 聚类分析

Abstract:

To address the uncertainty in the aging period of the characteristic flue-cured tobacco variety ‘CB-1’ lamina under northern climate conditions, which affects the suitability of raw materials for cigarette production, this study aimed to explore its optimal aging duration. Using redried lamina of middle leaves (C3F) and upper leaves (B2F) of ‘CB-1’ from Longyan, Fujian, natural aging was conducted for 24 months in the aging warehouse of Shandong Tobacco Industry. Regular measurements were taken for appearance quality, main chemical components, and sensory evaluation quality, with comprehensive assessment performed using cluster analysis. The findings showed: (1) As aging progressed, the color of leaves from both positions deepened, oil content decreased, and color intensity increased. For middle leaves, total sugar and reducing sugar contents peaked at 12 months of aging, increasing by 0.74 and 0.81 percentage points respectively compared to before aging, while total nitrogen and nicotine contents consistently declined throughout the aging period. For upper leaves, reducing sugar, nicotine, and total nitrogen showed a decreasing trend during aging. (2) The sensory scores for middle leaves in terms of concentration, aroma quality, aroma quantity, sweetness, and overall sensory quality reached their highest values at 12 months of aging, increasing by 0.2, 0.8, 0.5, 0.9, and 6.25 points respectively compared to pre-aging. The overall sensory quality score for upper leaves peaked at 18 months of aging, with an increase of 5.50 points. (3) Cluster analysis indicated that middle leaves aged for 12 and 18 months were grouped into one category, while upper leaves aged for 18 months clustered with those aged for 12 and 24 months. In conclusion, the optimal aging period for ‘CB-1’ middle leaves is 12 months (with 18 months as an alternative), and for upper leaves it is 18 months (with 12 and 24 months as alternatives). Future research could integrate temperature and humidity control, microbial community dynamics, and metabolic patterns of aroma substances to further elucidate the aging mechanisms of tobacco under northern climate conditions, thereby providing support for precise raw material management.

Key words: ‘CB-1’, aging period, tobacco lamina, northern climatic conditions, appearance quality, internal quality, cluster analysis