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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 62-68.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0461

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

苏南丘陵地区不同播期及定植期对黄皮洋葱生长的影响

刘叶琼(), 欧艾佳, 董兴远, 李冰(), 孙朋朋   

  1. 江苏农林职业技术学院, 江苏句容 212400
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-04 修回日期:2025-10-13 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2026-03-18
  • 通讯作者:
    李冰,女,1988年出生,江苏常州人,助理研究员,本科,研究方向:农业生态环境工程研究。通信地址:212400 江苏省镇江句容市文昌东路19号 江苏农林职业技术学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    刘叶琼,女,1989年出生,安徽滁州人,农艺师,硕士研究生,研究方向:主要从事蔬菜育种、栽培技术研究。通信地址:212400 江苏省镇江句容市文昌东路19号 江苏农林职业技术学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    江苏农林职业技术学院大学生创新创业培育计划项目“播期对苏南丘陵地区黄皮洋葱新品种露地秋播育苗影响的研究”(202413103020X); 江苏省高职院校教师企业实践培训项目(2025QYSJ134)

Influence of Different Sowing and Planting Periods on Growth of Yellow Onion in Hilly Areas of Southern Jiangsu

LIU Yeqiong(), OU Aijia, DONG Xingyuan, LI Bing(), SUN Pengpeng   

  1. Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400
  • Received:2025-06-04 Revised:2025-10-13 Published:2026-03-18 Online:2026-03-18

摘要:

针对苏南丘陵地区新品种‘农林黄玉405’黄皮洋葱缺乏配套秋冬栽培技术,播期与定植期不明确的问题,为筛选适宜栽培日期,以该品种为材料,设置2个播期(9月27日、10月11日)和3个定植期(11月29日、12月13日、12月27日),构建6个处理,测定植株生长性状、苗期生物量、鳞茎性状及产量,筛选最优组合。结果显示:(1)定植60 d后,较早定植的幼苗长势更优,随播期与定植期推迟,苗期全株干鲜重、壮苗指数呈上升趋势;(2)10月11日播种+11月29日定植(T2)处理表现最优,鳞茎纵径8.62 cm、横径10.20 cm、硬度7.30 kg/cm2,单球重386.67 g,折合公顷产量86445.33 kg,较其他处理增产2.83%~50.09%;(3)播期与定植期推迟会导致鳞茎性状与产量下降。综上可知,10月11日播种、11月29日定植是苏南丘陵地区‘农林黄玉405’的最优栽培组合。未来可结合土壤肥力、气候年型优化栽培参数,开展播期—定植期—密度的协同试验,为新品种规模化推广提供更全面技术支撑。

关键词: 黄皮洋葱, 苏南丘陵地区, 播期, 定植时间, 植株性状, 产量

Abstract:

The study aims to solve the problem of lack of supporting autumn and winter cultivation techniques for the new variety 'Nonglin Huangyu 405' yellow onion in the hilly areas of southern Jiangsu, and the unclear sowing and planting periods. To select the suitable cultivation date, two sowing periods (September 27th and October 11th) and three planting periods (November 29th, December 13th, and December 27th) were set up, resulting in six treatments. Plant growth traits, seedling biomass, bulb traits, and yield were measured to select the optimal combination. The results showed: (1) After 60 days of planting, seedlings planted earlier showed better growth vigor. With the postponement of sowing and planting periods, the total dry and fresh weight of the whole plant and the healthy seedling index showed an upward trend during the seedling stage. (2) The treatment of sowing on October 11th and planting on November 29th (T2) performed the best, with a bulb length of 8.62 cm, width of 10.20 cm, hardness of 7.30 kg/cm2, and a single bulb weight of 386.67 g, equivalent to a yield of 86445.33 kg/hm2, which was 2.83%-50.09% higher than other treatments. (3) Postponing the sowing and planting periods led to a decrease in bulb traits and yield. In summary, sowing on October 11th and planting on November 29th is the optimal cultivation combination for 'Nonglin Huangyu 405' in the hilly areas of southern Jiangsu. In the future, cultivation parameters can be optimized by combining soil fertility and climate year types, and a collaborative experiment on sowing-planting period-density can be conducted to provide more comprehensive technical support for the large-scale promotion of new varieties.

Key words: yellow onion, southern Jiangsu hilly region, sowing date, planting time, plant traits, yield