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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 47-52.

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

林下参不同生育期土壤养分变化的研究

程海涛 张亚玉 张连学 孙海 高明   

  • 收稿日期:2011-01-04 修回日期:2011-02-15 出版日期:2011-04-20 发布日期:2011-04-20
  • 基金资助:

    吉林省自然科学基金

Changes of Soil Nutrients in Ginseng under Forest at Different Growth Stages

  • Received:2011-01-04 Revised:2011-02-15 Online:2011-04-20 Published:2011-04-20

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摘要：

为深入了解林下参对土壤养分的利用状况，笔者运用常规农化分析方法测定了不同生育期林下参土壤养分的含量变化。根区与对照土壤，展叶期全钾含量达到最大值，分别为88.78 g/kg和100.34 g/kg；开花期有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量达到最大值，分别为53.14 g/kg、52.89 g/kg、5.48 mg/kg、6.31 mg/kg、16.53 g/kg、19.08 g/kg、146.29 mg/kg、194.71 mg/kg；红果期全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮含量达到最低值，分别为4.35 g/kg、4.62 g/kg、0.47 g/kg、0.55 g/kg、81.75 g/kg、82.52 g/kg、15.5 mg/kg、15.03 mg/kg；枯萎期根区土壤有机质达到最低值；绿果期根区土壤速效磷达到最低值，红果期pH值达到最低值；通过对林下参根区土壤养分相关性分析发现，林下参根区土壤有机质与全氮、速效氮之间呈极显著相关，相关系数分别为0.72和0.762；全氮与全磷、速效氮呈极显著相关，相关系数分别为0.766和0.765；速效钾与pH值呈显著相关。通过对各主要养分的测定分析，发现在不同的生育期人参对土壤中各养分形态及含量的吸收和利用呈现规律性变化。

关键词: 果实品质, 果实品质

Abstract:

The variation of the soil nutrients in ginseng under forest at different growth stage was studied by the method of agro-chemical analysis to reveal its states of soil nutrients requirement. The results showed that the content of total K in the soil of the root zone and contrast were the highest at leaf extending stage, their contents were 88.78g/kg and 100.34g/kg; the highest content of organic matte, total N and available K at flowering stage, the contents of nutrients were 53.14 g/kg, 52.89 g/kg, 5.48 mg/kg, 6.31 mg/kg, 16.53 g/kg, 19.08 g/kg, 146.29 mg/kg, 194.71 mg/kg; the lowest content of total N, total P, total K and available N at red fruit stage, the contents of nutrient were 4.35 g/kg, 4.62 g/kg, 0.47 g/kg, 0.55 g/kg, 81.75 g/kg, 82.52 g/kg, 15.5 mg/kg, 15.03 mg/kg; the lowest content of organic matte at withered time, the lowest content of available P at green fruit stage and the lowest of pH value at red fruit stage. There was a correlation between the organic matter with the available N and total N of the soil in root zone, and the correlate coefficient were 0.72 and 0.762; there was a correlation between the total N with the total P and available N, the correlation coefficient achieves 0.766 and 0.765, and the correlation between the available K with the pH value. Through analysis, the results indicated that there were the regular changes of the demand for soil nutrients of forest ginseng.