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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (27): 135-140.

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染； 油料作物； 园艺

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

污泥施用对油菜生长和土壤重金属积累的影响

刘善江 康少杰 孙昊 白杨 崔希龙   

  • 收稿日期:2011-05-12 修回日期:2011-08-16 出版日期:2011-10-25 发布日期:2011-10-25

Effects of Sludge on Heavy Metals Accumulition in Rape and Soil

  • Received:2011-05-12 Revised:2011-08-16 Online:2011-10-25 Published:2011-10-25

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摘要：

为污泥农业资源化利用提供更为可靠的理论依据，采用盆栽试验的方法，对污泥施用后的油菜产量指标、盐分及植株和土壤中的Hg、As和Zn 3种重金属累积变化规律进行了研究。结果表明：污泥用量为中用量（50 g污泥/盆）时可以明显提高盆栽油菜的产量和根/冠比指标，当污泥用量加大到大用量（100 g污泥/盆）时，污泥对盆栽油菜产量的提高效果会明显降低。污泥比化肥和鸡粪更能促进油菜对N和P的吸收，但对K的吸收却不及鸡粪效果明显。污泥能增加土壤的盐分含量，且高于化肥和鸡粪，但效果不明显。污泥施用后的油菜和土壤中的Hg、As和Zn 3种重金属含量都比化肥和鸡粪有增加，其中Hg增加比较明显。油菜和土壤中的Hg、As和Zn含量均没超过国家相关蔬菜安全标准（GB18406.1—2001，GB15201—94）和土壤质量安全标准（GB15618—1995）。

关键词: 洋水仙, 洋水仙, 花粉生活力, 测定方法

Abstract:

For the purpose of sludge utilization, the effects of sludge on production of rape, salt content and the cumulative variation of Hg, As, Zn in rape and soil were studied by the pot experiment in this paper. The results indicated that sludge could increase rape fresh weight and R/S in a certain range (50 g sludge/pot). When the amount of sludge reached at a large amount (100 g sludge/pot), which affected on rape would decrease obviously. Sludge was better than chemical fertilizer and chicken in promoting rape uptake of N and P. However, the absorption of K was worse than chicken. Sludge was higher than fertilizer and chicken in improving the salt content of soil, but the effect was not obvious .Compared with chemical fertilizer and chicken, the sludge increased soil and rape content of Hg, As and Zn, while the content of Hg increased obviously. After application of sludge, the Hg, As, Zn content of heavy metals of rape and soil are all under the acceptable range according to national vegetable safety standards and soil environmental quality standard (GB15618-1995).